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Boppudi ST, Belal S, Guntur SR. Preparation and characterization of a novel sprayable hydrogel for skin preparation to record ECG and other biopotentials. Biomed Eng Lett. 2020;10(4):533-546doi: 10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7.
Boppudi, S. T., Belal, S., & Guntur, S. R. (2020). Preparation and characterization of a novel sprayable hydrogel for skin preparation to record ECG and other biopotentials. Biomedical engineering letters, 10(4), 533-546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7
Boppudi, Sunil Tej, et al. "Preparation and characterization of a novel sprayable hydrogel for skin preparation to record ECG and other biopotentials." Biomedical engineering letters vol. 10,4 (2020): 533-546. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7
Boppudi ST, Belal S, Guntur SR. Preparation and characterization of a novel sprayable hydrogel for skin preparation to record ECG and other biopotentials. Biomed Eng Lett. 2020 Jul 29;10(4):533-546. doi: 10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7. eCollection 2020 Nov. PMID: 33194246; PMCID: PMC7655897.
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Biomed Eng Lett. 2020 Jul 29;10(4):533-546. doi: 10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7. eCollection 2020 Nov.

Preparation and characterization of a novel sprayable hydrogel for skin preparation to record ECG and other biopotentials.

Biomedical engineering letters

Sunil Tej Boppudi, Suliman Belal, Sitaramanjaneya Reddy Guntur

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213 India.
  2. Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Vadlamudi, Guntur, 522213 India.
  3. School of Biological Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Manchester University, Zochonis Building, Brunswick Street, Manchester, M13 9PT UK.

PMID: 33194246 PMCID: PMC7655897 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-020-00164-7

Abstract

Wet electrodes are widely used to perform biopotential measurements from the body, such as electroencephalogram, electrocardiogram, and electromyogram. These electrodes have certain disadvantages, including bacterial growth, irritation in long-term recordings, infection to patients' skin caused by skin preparation techniques, and unpleasant feeling caused after their removal. Thus, a sprayable hydrogel (SH) was designed to avoid these problems. Five electrode configurations, namely, Zipprep™, wet Ag/AgCl, wipes, dry Ag/AgCl, and SH, were tested using an impedance analyzer. Measurements were obtained by placing each of the electrode systems on the forearm of five subjects, which comprised one Caucasian, two Indians, one Syrian, and one Cypriot aging between 23 and 60 years for 10 min. Impedance versus time and reactance versus resistance performance plots were compared and assessed. The performance of the SH sprayed under dry electrodes had lower impedance values compared with those of the dry Ag/AgCl and wipes. As a result, the SH electrode configuration can be used as an electrode set-up for acquiring and recording various physiological signals.

© Korean Society of Medical and Biological Engineering 2020.

Keywords: Dry electrode; Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC); Impedance spectroscopy; Sprayable hydrogel (SH); Wet electrode; Zipprep™ electrode

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors report no conflicts of interest.

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