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Goyette PA, Boulais É, Tremblay M, et al. Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021;118(2)doi: 10.1073/pnas.2019248118.
Goyette, P. A., Boulais, �. �., Tremblay, M., & Gervais, T. (2021). Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(2), . https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019248118
Goyette, Pierre-Alexandre, et al. "Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 118,2 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2019248118
Goyette PA, Boulais É, Tremblay M, Gervais T. Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Jan 12;118(2). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2019248118. PMID: 33376203; PMCID: PMC7812784.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2021 Jan 12;118(2). doi: 10.1073/pnas.2019248118.

Pixel-based open-space microfluidics for versatile surface processing.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Pierre-Alexandre Goyette, Étienne Boulais, Maude Tremblay, Thomas Gervais

Affiliations

  1. Institut de Génie Biomédical, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
  2. Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
  3. Institut de Génie Biomédical, Polytechnique Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada; [email protected].
  4. Institut du Cancer de Montréal, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada.

PMID: 33376203 PMCID: PMC7812784 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019248118

Abstract

An increasing number of applications in biology, chemistry, and material sciences require fluid manipulation beyond what is possible with current automated pipette handlers, such as gradient generation, interface reactions, reagent streaming, and reconfigurability. In this article, we introduce the pixelated chemical display (PCD), a scalable strategy for highly parallel, reconfigurable liquid handling on open surfaces. Microfluidic "pixels" are created when a fluid stream injected above a surface is confined by neighboring identical fluid streams, forming a repeatable flow unit that can be used to tesselate a surface. PCDs generating up to 144 pixels are fabricated and used to project "chemical moving pictures" made of several reagents over both immersed and dry surfaces, without any physical barrier or wall. This work distinguishes itself from previous work in open-space microfluidics by presenting a device architecture where the number of confinement areas can be scaled to any size. Furthermore, it challenges the open-space tenet that the aspiration rate must be higher than the injection rate for reagents to be confined. Overall, this article sets the foundation for massively parallel surface processing using continuous flow streams and showcases possibilities in both wet and dry surface patterning and roll-to-roll processes.

Keywords: microfluidics; open-space microfluidics; surface processing

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interest.

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