J Cannabis Res. 2020 Oct 07;2(1):34. doi: 10.1186/s42238-020-00037-x.
Chronic cannabis consumption and physical exercise performance in healthy adults: a systematic review.
Journal of cannabis research
Andrew Kramer, Justin Sinclair, Lara Sharpe, Jerome Sarris
Affiliations
Affiliations
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia. [email protected].
- School of Psychology, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia. [email protected].
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
- Department of Psychiatry, The Melbourne Clinic, Professorial Unit, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
PMID: 33526096
PMCID: PMC7819470 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-020-00037-x
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The effects of chronic cannabis consumption on physiological parameters of athletic performance are investigated to determine whether chronic cannabis consumption negatively affects athletic performance; improves performance, potentially via enhanced recovery; or has no effect at all.
METHODS: A systematic review of the literature (cross-sectional, longitudinal, and intervention studies) concerning the effects of cannabis consumption on sports performance outcomes, e.g. VO2Max (maximal oxygen uptake), PWC (physical work capacity) up to January 2020 was conducted using the PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, PsycArticles, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition databases. After screening and additional forward searching, four articles were found to fit the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS: Resting heart rate was the only physiological measure that significantly differed between groups, and only in one of the four studies included herein. The strongest predictors of athletic performance (VO2Max and PWC) were not found to be significantly different between groups in any of the included studies. Chronic cannabis consumption had no significant effect on athletic performance. The included studies did not assess other elements, such as recovery or endurance.
CONCLUSION: No evidence exists for ergogenic or ergolytic effects from chronic cannabis consumption. In some sports, advantages may plausibly be conveyed by psychotropic enhancement or pain reduction. Further research (particularly longitudinal or interventional studies) is required to determine whether cannabis, or constituents thereof, may provide indirect supplemental benefits to athletes.
Keywords: Athletics; Cannabidiol; Cannabinoids; Cannabis; Exercise; Marijuana; Physical activity; Sport
References
- Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1975 Sep;18(3):287-97 - PubMed
- J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2019 Feb;25(2):134-145 - PubMed
- Am Rev Respir Dis. 1975 Sep;112(3):377-86 - PubMed
- PLoS One. 2019 Jun 28;14(6):e0218998 - PubMed
- Sports Med Open. 2020 Jul 6;6(1):27 - PubMed
- BMJ Open. 2012 Feb 24;2:e000494 - PubMed
- Front Public Health. 2019 Apr 30;7:99 - PubMed
- J Anal Toxicol. 2011 Nov;35(9):624-37 - PubMed
- Br J Pharmacol. 2011 Aug;163(7):1344-64 - PubMed
- Sports Health. 2020 Mar/Apr;12(2):189-199 - PubMed
- J Thorac Dis. 2017 Jul;9(7):2079-2092 - PubMed
- Med Sci Sports. 1975 Winter;7(4):309-11 - PubMed
- Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Jul;28(4):350-357 - PubMed
- Respir Care. 2014 Jan;59(1):90-6 - PubMed
- Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1980;43(2):127-34 - PubMed
- Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1968 Nov-Dec;9(6):783-91 - PubMed
- Int J Drug Policy. 2018 Aug;58:55-63 - PubMed
- J Physiol. 2014 Jan 15;592(2):377-90 - PubMed
- Sports Med. 2015 Oct;45(10):1357-63 - PubMed
- Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2000 Jan;32(1):70-84 - PubMed
- J Strength Cond Res. 2019 Jun;33(6):1658-1668 - PubMed
- J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Sep;20(9):825-829 - PubMed
- Int J Cardiol. 2015 Feb 1;180:171-7 - PubMed
- Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1986 Dec;18(6):685-9 - PubMed
- Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2020 Mar;45(3):258-263 - PubMed
- Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Feb;23(2):290-5 - PubMed
- Sports Med. 2011 Nov 1;41(11):949-66 - PubMed
- Cannabis Cannabinoid Res. 2018 Dec 21;3(1):259-271 - PubMed
- J Clin Epidemiol. 2009 Oct;62(10):1006-12 - PubMed
- Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1979 Dec;26(6):777-81 - PubMed
Publication Types