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Genet Mol Biol. 2021 Feb 08;43(1):e20190146. doi: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2019-0146. eCollection 2021.

Making a bat: The developmental basis of bat evolution.

Genetics and molecular biology

Alexa Sadier, Daniel J Urban, Neal Anthwal, Aidan O Howenstine, Ishani Sinha, Karen E Sears

Affiliations

  1. University of California at Los Angeles, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Los Angeles, USA.
  2. American Museum of Natural History, Department of Mammalogy, New York, USA.

PMID: 33576369 PMCID: PMC7879332 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2019-0146

Abstract

Bats are incredibly diverse, both morphologically and taxonomically. Bats are the only mammalian group to have achieved powered flight, an adaptation that is hypothesized to have allowed them to colonize various and diverse ecological niches. However, the lack of fossils capturing the transition from terrestrial mammal to volant chiropteran has obscured much of our understanding of bat evolution. Over the last 20 years, the emergence of evo-devo in non-model species has started to fill this gap by uncovering some developmental mechanisms at the origin of bat diversification. In this review, we highlight key aspects of studies that have used bats as a model for morphological adaptations, diversification during adaptive radiations, and morphological novelty. To do so, we review current and ongoing studies on bat evolution. We first investigate morphological specialization by reviewing current knowledge about wing and face evolution. Then, we explore the mechanisms behind adaptive diversification in various ecological contexts using vision and dentition. Finally, we highlight the emerging work into morphological novelties using bat wing membranes.

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