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Cephalalgia. 2021 Jun;41(7):839-850. doi: 10.1177/0333102421989268. Epub 2021 Feb 09.

Effect of comorbid migraine on propranolol efficacy for painful TMD in a randomized controlled trial.

Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache

Inna E Tchivileva, Richard Ohrbach, Roger B Fillingim, Pei Feng Lim, Massimiliano Di Giosia, Margarete Ribeiro-Dasilva, John H Campbell, Holly Hadgraft, Janet Willis, Samuel J Arbes, Gary D Slade

Affiliations

  1. Center for Pain Research and Innovation, Adams School of Dentistry, 2331University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  2. Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, 2331University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  3. Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
  4. Department of Community Dentistry and Behavioral Science, College of Dentistry, 3463University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  5. Division of Diagnostic Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, 2331University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
  6. Department of Restorative Dental Science, Prosthodontics Division, College of Dentistry, 3463University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  7. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
  8. 6015Rho Inc, Durham, NC, USA.
  9. Division of Pediatric and Public Health, Adams School of Dentistry, 2331University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

PMID: 33560875 PMCID: PMC8166404 DOI: 10.1177/0333102421989268

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The migraine-preventive drug propranolol is efficacious in reducing pain from temporomandibular disorder, suggesting potential modifying or mediating effects of comorbid migraine.

METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, myofascial temporomandibular disorder patients were treated with propranolol or placebo for 9 weeks. The primary endpoint was change in a facial pain index derived from daily symptom diaries. Linear and logistic regression models tested for a migraine × treatment-group interaction in reducing facial pain index. Counterfactual models explored changes in headache impact and heart rate as mediators of propranolol's efficacy.

RESULTS: Propranolol's efficacy in reducing facial pain index was greater among the 104 migraineurs than the 95 non-migraineurs: For example, for the binary ≥ 30% reduction in facial pain index, odds ratios were 3.3 (95% confidence limits: 1.4, 8.1) versus 1.3 (0.5, 3.2), respectively, although the interaction was statistically non-significant (

CONCLUSIONS: Propranolol was more efficacious in reducing temporomandibular disorder pain among migraineurs than non-migraineurs, with more of the effect mediated by reduced heart rate than by reduced headache impact.

STUDY IDENTIFICATION AND REGISTRATION: SOPPRANO; NCT02437383; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02437383.

Keywords: Adrenergic beta-antagonists; autonomic nervous system; chronic pain; facial pain; headache; sympathetic nervous system

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