Display options
Share it on

Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 17;13(6). doi: 10.3390/cancers13061358.

How Chaotic Is Genome Chaos?.

Cancers

James A Shapiro

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

PMID: 33802828 PMCID: PMC8002653 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061358

Abstract

Cancer genomes evolve in a punctuated manner during tumor evolution. Abrupt genome restructuring at key steps in this evolution has been called "genome chaos." To answer whether widespread genome change is truly chaotic, this review (i) summarizes the limited number of cell and molecular systems that execute genome restructuring, (ii) describes the characteristic signatures of DNA changes that result from activity of those systems, and (iii) examines two cases where genome restructuring is determined to a significant degree by cell type or viral infection. The conclusion is that many restructured cancer genomes display sufficiently unchaotic signatures to identify the cellular systems responsible for major oncogenic transitions, thereby identifying possible targets for therapies to inhibit tumor progression to greater aggressiveness.

Keywords: DNA break repair; alternative end-joining (alt-EJ); chromoanasynthesis; chromoplexy; chromothripsis; class switch recombination (CSR); human papillomavirus (HPV); immunoglobulin VDJ joining; retrotransposition; target-primed reverse transcription (TPRT)

References

  1. Nat Genet. 2002 Jun;31(2):159-65 - PubMed
  2. Nat Genet. 2014 Feb;46(2):116-25 - PubMed
  3. J Mol Biol. 2005 Dec 9;354(4):994-1007 - PubMed
  4. DNA Repair (Amst). 2016 Aug;44:22-32 - PubMed
  5. Am J Cancer Res. 2012;2(3):249-68 - PubMed
  6. J Immunol. 2014 Dec 1;193(11):5370-8 - PubMed
  7. Front Oncol. 2020 Aug 19;10:1653 - PubMed
  8. BMC Cancer. 2019 Apr 11;19(1):352 - PubMed
  9. Cancer Cell. 2013 May 13;23(5):567-9 - PubMed
  10. Nature. 2020 Feb;578(7793):122-128 - PubMed
  11. Cell. 2015 Dec 17;163(7):1641-54 - PubMed
  12. Hum Mutat. 2018 Jul;39(7):939-946 - PubMed
  13. Trends Cell Biol. 2018 Jun;28(6):465-474 - PubMed
  14. J Exp Med. 1910 Sep 1;12(5):696-705 - PubMed
  15. Genome Res. 2019 May;29(5):737-749 - PubMed
  16. Hum Mutat. 2016 Apr;37(4):385-95 - PubMed
  17. Exp Mol Med. 2018 Aug 7;50(8):1-11 - PubMed
  18. Clin Immunol. 2007 Jun;123(3):244-51 - PubMed
  19. Nat Commun. 2018 Nov 12;9(1):4760 - PubMed
  20. Trends Cancer. 2015 Dec 1;1(4):217-230 - PubMed
  21. Nat Genet. 2016 Oct;48(10):1119-30 - PubMed
  22. Mol Cytogenet. 2019 Oct 31;12:43 - PubMed
  23. Genome Res. 2009 Nov;19(11):1983-91 - PubMed
  24. Cell. 2016 Jun 30;166(1):102-14 - PubMed
  25. J Biol Chem. 2018 Jul 6;293(27):10536-10546 - PubMed
  26. Genome Res. 2014 Jun;24(6):954-62 - PubMed
  27. Oncoscience. 2014 Dec 17;2(1):3-14 - PubMed
  28. Nat Genet. 2020 Mar;52(3):320-330 - PubMed
  29. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2018 Dec;836(Pt A):36-40 - PubMed
  30. Nat Genet. 2009 Jul;41(7):849-53 - PubMed
  31. Trends Neurosci. 2010 Aug;33(8):345-54 - PubMed
  32. Biol Direct. 2015 Apr 28;10:20 - PubMed
  33. PLoS Genet. 2016 Nov 10;12(11):e1006410 - PubMed
  34. Mol Cell. 2015 Dec 3;60(5):728-741 - PubMed
  35. Nat Genet. 2018 Aug;50(8):1189-1195 - PubMed
  36. Annu Rev Genet. 2014;48:215-36 - PubMed
  37. Viruses. 2020 Jul 10;12(7): - PubMed
  38. Genome Res. 2011 Jan;21(1):33-46 - PubMed
  39. Nat Genet. 2020 Aug;52(8):759-767 - PubMed
  40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Nov;70(11):3067-71 - PubMed
  41. Nat Genet. 2019 Apr;51(4):705-715 - PubMed
  42. Cancer Discov. 2014 Feb;4(2):175-185 - PubMed
  43. Trends Plant Sci. 2015 Mar;20(3):165-75 - PubMed
  44. Trends Genet. 2019 Sep;35(9):632-644 - PubMed
  45. Mutagenesis. 2011 Jan;26(1):215-21 - PubMed
  46. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1997;224:283-7 - PubMed
  47. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2017 Dec;24(12):1116-1123 - PubMed
  48. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 17;11(1):3615 - PubMed
  49. Cell. 2010 Jun 25;141(7):1159-70 - PubMed
  50. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jun;82(11):3736-40 - PubMed
  51. Eur J Med Genet. 2014 Oct;57(10):567-70 - PubMed
  52. Immunity. 2019 Aug 20;51(2):337-350.e7 - PubMed
  53. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1769:119-132 - PubMed
  54. Oncogene. 2017 Aug 24;36(34):4887-4900 - PubMed
  55. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Dec 1;42(21):13194-205 - PubMed
  56. Bioessays. 2019 Dec;41(12):e1900152 - PubMed
  57. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 Sep;25(17):7780-95 - PubMed
  58. Mol Syndromol. 2017 May;8(3):115-117 - PubMed
  59. Annu Rev Pathol. 2013 Jan 24;8:79-103 - PubMed
  60. Genes (Basel). 2019 Jan 25;10(2): - PubMed
  61. Immunity. 2009 Apr 17;30(4):599-609 - PubMed
  62. Cell. 1991 Jan 25;64(2):235-48 - PubMed
  63. J Clin Invest. 1999 Jun;103(12):1669-75 - PubMed
  64. Elife. 2018 Jan 08;7: - PubMed
  65. Am J Surg Pathol. 2010 Nov;34(11):1686-94 - PubMed
  66. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2019;19(5):360-367 - PubMed
  67. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2011;12:187-215 - PubMed
  68. Int J Hematol. 1995 Feb;61(2):69-75 - PubMed
  69. Mol Ecol. 2014 Oct;23(19):4862-70 - PubMed
  70. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2016;150(1):46-51 - PubMed
  71. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 Apr 26;113(17):E2373-82 - PubMed
  72. Nature. 2020 Feb;578(7793):82-93 - PubMed
  73. Nat Commun. 2018 Oct 1;9(1):4001 - PubMed
  74. Genome Res. 2017 Jan;27(1):107-117 - PubMed
  75. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2019 Jul;1447(1):21-52 - PubMed
  76. Nat Commun. 2014 Apr 09;5:3644 - PubMed
  77. Cancer Cell. 2012 Jun 12;21(6):765-76 - PubMed
  78. Annu Rev Immunol. 2011;29:319-50 - PubMed
  79. Mol Syst Biol. 2015 Sep 28;11(9):828 - PubMed
  80. Hum Mol Genet. 2012 Jan 1;21(1):208-18 - PubMed
  81. Genome Res. 2009 Nov;19(11):1992-2008 - PubMed
  82. Cell. 2002 Aug 9;110(3):315-25 - PubMed
  83. PLoS Pathog. 2009 Oct;5(10):e1000605 - PubMed
  84. IUBMB Life. 2006 Dec;58(12):677-85 - PubMed
  85. Mutat Res Rev Mutat Res. 2017 Apr - Jun;772:23-35 - PubMed
  86. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 09;11(3):e0151251 - PubMed
  87. Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):528-31 - PubMed
  88. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 Mar;16(3):164-76 - PubMed
  89. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2012;28:555-73 - PubMed
  90. Cancer Cell. 2018 Aug 13;34(2):179-180 - PubMed
  91. Nat Genet. 2020 Mar;52(3):306-319 - PubMed
  92. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1968 Jan;40(1):165-79 - PubMed
  93. Blood Adv. 2018 Oct 23;2(20):2755-2765 - PubMed
  94. Med Hypotheses. 2005;65(5):846-50 - PubMed
  95. PLoS Biol. 2014 Apr 01;12(4):e1001831 - PubMed
  96. Nucleic Acids Res. 2014 Aug;42(14):9131-45 - PubMed
  97. Viruses. 2017 Aug 18;9(8): - PubMed
  98. Ann Oncol. 2020 Jul;31(7):884-893 - PubMed
  99. BMC Cancer. 2018 Jul 13;18(1):738 - PubMed
  100. Science. 2020 Apr 17;368(6488): - PubMed
  101. PLoS Genet. 2014 Oct 02;10(10):e1004654 - PubMed
  102. Cell. 2011 Jan 7;144(1):27-40 - PubMed
  103. Biology (Basel). 2017 Dec 06;6(4): - PubMed
  104. J Cell Sci. 2008 Jan;121 Suppl 1:1-84 - PubMed
  105. PLoS Genet. 2018 Jan 24;14(1):e1007179 - PubMed
  106. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2016 Feb;36:34-40 - PubMed
  107. Nature. 2015 Feb 12;518(7538):258-62 - PubMed
  108. PLoS One. 2016 Aug 15;11(8):e0161288 - PubMed
  109. mBio. 2018 Feb 13;9(1): - PubMed
  110. Genes (Basel). 2016 Sep 21;7(9): - PubMed
  111. Am J Med Genet A. 2020 Nov;182(11):2533-2539 - PubMed
  112. Oncotarget. 2012 Nov;3(11):1308-19 - PubMed
  113. Genome Res. 2014 Feb;24(2):185-99 - PubMed
  114. Cell. 2013 Apr 25;153(3):666-77 - PubMed
  115. EMBO J. 2017 Dec 15;36(24):3634-3649 - PubMed
  116. Chromosoma. 2019 Mar;128(1):1-6 - PubMed
  117. J Virol. 2014 Jun;88(11):6112-27 - PubMed
  118. Nat Genet. 2000 Apr;24(4):363-7 - PubMed
  119. Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1769:3-19 - PubMed
  120. Cell Death Dis. 2018 Jan 26;9(2):127 - PubMed
  121. Hum Reprod. 2018 Aug 1;33(8):1381-1387 - PubMed
  122. Mol Cancer Res. 2020 Jun;18(6):801-810 - PubMed
  123. Nat Genet. 2013 Mar;45(3):242-52 - PubMed
  124. Cancers (Basel). 2018 Apr 15;10(4): - PubMed
  125. Nature. 2017 Mar 2;543(7643):122-125 - PubMed
  126. Genes (Basel). 2019 May 13;10(5): - PubMed
  127. Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 6;10(1):4022 - PubMed
  128. Nat Commun. 2019 Jan 23;10(1):392 - PubMed
  129. Nature. 2019 May;569(7754):79-84 - PubMed
  130. Nat Genet. 2015 Feb;47(2):158-63 - PubMed
  131. Trends Genet. 2015 Jun;31(6):307-15 - PubMed
  132. Cancer Cell. 2018 Aug 13;34(2):197-210.e5 - PubMed
  133. Nat Neurosci. 2016 Dec;19(12):1583-1591 - PubMed
  134. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019 Oct 22;116(43):21573-21579 - PubMed
  135. Cancer Cell Int. 2013 Sep 11;13(1):92 - PubMed
  136. Sci Rep. 2020 Feb 12;10(1):2407 - PubMed
  137. Nat Genet. 2020 Sep;52(9):891-897 - PubMed
  138. Neoplasia. 2016 Apr;18(4):223-8 - PubMed
  139. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1939 Aug;25(8):405-16 - PubMed
  140. Science. 2019 Dec 20;366(6472):1473-1480 - PubMed
  141. Nature. 2017 Nov 30;551(7682):590-595 - PubMed
  142. Leukemia. 2007 Aug;21(8):1739-51 - PubMed
  143. Front Genet. 2019 Nov 01;10:1082 - PubMed
  144. Cell Rep. 2019 Dec 17;29(12):3902-3915.e8 - PubMed
  145. Science. 1999 Mar 5;283(5407):1530-4 - PubMed
  146. Mutat Res. 2013 Aug 30;756(1-2):56-65 - PubMed
  147. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2020;1254:161-181 - PubMed
  148. PLoS One. 2016 Dec 29;11(12):e0169196 - PubMed
  149. Nat Commun. 2020 Jul 7;11(1):3390 - PubMed
  150. Nature. 2015 Feb 12;518(7538):254-7 - PubMed
  151. Nature. 2001 Feb 15;409(6822):860-921 - PubMed
  152. Curr Biol. 2013 Nov 18;23(22):2224-2232 - PubMed
  153. Subcell Biochem. 2010;50:279-96 - PubMed
  154. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec 07;6:8866 - PubMed
  155. Immunogenetics. 2017 Jun;69(6):391-400 - PubMed
  156. Genome Biol. 2014 Jun 02;15(6):R80 - PubMed
  157. Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1541:279-293 - PubMed
  158. Prostate. 2019 Sep;79(13):1489-1497 - PubMed
  159. Nature. 2012 Jan 18;482(7383):53-8 - PubMed
  160. Semin Cancer Biol. 2014 Jun;26:30-42 - PubMed
  161. Mol Cytogenet. 2020 Jan 28;13:3 - PubMed
  162. Nature. 2009 Aug 27;460(7259):1127-31 - PubMed
  163. Mol Cell. 2016 Aug 18;63(4):662-673 - PubMed
  164. J Virol. 2017 Sep 27;91(20): - PubMed
  165. J Virol. 2015 Dec 23;90(5):2639-52 - PubMed
  166. Mol Cytogenet. 2018 Aug 28;11:50 - PubMed
  167. Science. 2014 Aug 01;345(6196):1251343 - PubMed
  168. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen. 2015 Nov;793:185-98 - PubMed
  169. J Exp Med. 2009 Dec 21;206(13):2907-14 - PubMed
  170. Nature. 2015 Jun 11;522(7555):179-84 - PubMed
  171. Nature. 2019 Nov;575(7784):699-703 - PubMed
  172. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 2017 Feb;52(1):1-17 - PubMed
  173. Nature. 2009 Dec 10;462(7274):803-7 - PubMed
  174. PLoS Pathog. 2009 Apr;5(4):e1000397 - PubMed
  175. Nature. 2013 Oct 17;502(7471):389-92 - PubMed
  176. Nature. 2020 Jul;583(7815):207-209 - PubMed
  177. Genome Biol. 2018 Jul 30;19(1):101 - PubMed
  178. Eur J Med Genet. 2020 Apr;63(4):103776 - PubMed
  179. Blood. 1996 Jan 1;87(1):292-8 - PubMed
  180. PLoS Comput Biol. 2010 Jun 03;6(6):e1000800 - PubMed
  181. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):5280-5 - PubMed
  182. EMBO J. 2002 Nov 1;21(21):5899-910 - PubMed
  183. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2019 Nov;20(11):698-714 - PubMed

Publication Types