Display options
Share it on

J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Mar 31;7(4). doi: 10.3390/jof7040264.

Fungal Melanin and the Mammalian Immune System.

Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)

Sichen Liu, Sirida Youngchim, Daniel Zamith-Miranda, Joshua D Nosanchuk

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
  3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.

PMID: 33807336 PMCID: PMC8066723 DOI: 10.3390/jof7040264

Abstract

Melanins are ubiquitous complex polymers that are commonly known in humans to cause pigmentation of our skin. Melanins are also present in bacteria, fungi, and helminths. In this review, we will describe the diverse interactions of fungal melanin with the mammalian immune system. We will particularly focus on

Keywords: fungus; immune response; melanin; yeast

References

  1. Eukaryot Cell. 2005 Nov;4(11):1902-12 - PubMed
  2. Eukaryot Cell. 2007 May;6(5):855-67 - PubMed
  3. Biopolymers. 2010 Sep;93(9):764-76 - PubMed
  4. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2018 Jun 25;113(8):e180120 - PubMed
  5. Infect Immun. 2000 Feb;68(2):832-8 - PubMed
  6. Mycopathologia. 2013 Jun;175(5-6):515-22 - PubMed
  7. Biochemistry. 2008 Apr 22;47(16):4701-10 - PubMed
  8. Infect Immun. 1995 Aug;63(8):3131-6 - PubMed
  9. Curr Microbiol. 1996 Jan;32(1):11-6 - PubMed
  10. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1997 Aug 15;153(2):265-72 - PubMed
  11. Med Microbiol Immunol. 1998 Oct;187(2):79-89 - PubMed
  12. Infect Immun. 1984 Feb;43(2):574-9 - PubMed
  13. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 31;11(3):e0152796 - PubMed
  14. Mol Microbiol. 1997 Oct;26(1):175-83 - PubMed
  15. Cell Host Microbe. 2016 Jan 13;19(1):79-90 - PubMed
  16. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 May;104(10):4247-4257 - PubMed
  17. Infect Immun. 1997 May;65(5):1836-41 - PubMed
  18. Glob Chall. 2020 Nov 25;5(2):2000102 - PubMed
  19. Infect Immun. 2005 Sep;73(9):6147-50 - PubMed
  20. Immunobiology. 2010 Nov;215(11):915-20 - PubMed
  21. Infect Immun. 2006 Mar;74(3):1500-4 - PubMed
  22. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Jul;3(7):791-803 - PubMed
  23. Fungal Genet Biol. 2003 Mar;38(2):143-58 - PubMed
  24. Microbes Infect. 2010 Feb;12(2):162-5 - PubMed
  25. Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Jul;17(7):893-906 - PubMed
  26. Nat Prod Rep. 2001 Aug;18(4):380-416 - PubMed
  27. Med Mycol. 2001 Aug;39(4):353-7 - PubMed
  28. Infect Immun. 2001 May;69(5):3410-2 - PubMed
  29. Curr Biol. 2006 Nov 7;16(21):2161-5 - PubMed
  30. PLoS Pathog. 2015 Mar 26;11(3):e1004790 - PubMed
  31. J Bacteriol. 1998 Jun;180(12):3031-8 - PubMed
  32. Eur J Cell Biol. 1992 Apr;57(2):265-72 - PubMed
  33. J Bacteriol. 1994 Feb;176(3):656-64 - PubMed
  34. Infect Immun. 1982 Jun;36(3):1175-84 - PubMed
  35. J Biol Chem. 2018 Dec 28;293(52):20157-20168 - PubMed
  36. J Immunol. 1998 Jun 15;160(12):6026-31 - PubMed
  37. Infect Immun. 1972 Apr;5(4):491-8 - PubMed
  38. Microbes Infect. 2009 Apr;11(5):554-62 - PubMed
  39. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2012 Dec;78(24):8623-30 - PubMed
  40. Infect Immun. 2000 Jun;68(6):3736-9 - PubMed
  41. Med Mycol. 1999 Jun;37(3):175-81 - PubMed
  42. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2010 Oct-Dec;27(4):155-82 - PubMed
  43. Chem Rev. 1997 Nov 10;97(7):2557-2576 - PubMed
  44. Med Mycol. 2001;39 Suppl 1:41-53 - PubMed
  45. Cell Microbiol. 2002 Dec;4(12):793-803 - PubMed
  46. Infect Immun. 2001 Sep;69(9):5760-7 - PubMed
  47. Infect Immun. 2000 May;68(5):2845-53 - PubMed
  48. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Feb 22;1247(1):1-11 - PubMed
  49. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2000 Feb;45(2):177-87 - PubMed
  50. Infect Immun. 2003 Jul;71(7):4026-33 - PubMed
  51. Infect Immun. 1999 Oct;67(10):5477-9 - PubMed
  52. Nature. 2007 Dec 20;450(7173):1253-7 - PubMed
  53. Front Microbiol. 2011 May 03;2:96 - PubMed
  54. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2011 Oct;18(10):1680-8 - PubMed
  55. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Nov 4;602(2):309-22 - PubMed
  56. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:212308 - PubMed
  57. Melanoma Res. 1996 Aug;6(4):277-84 - PubMed
  58. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2016 Jan-Mar;33(1):21-5 - PubMed
  59. Cell Rep. 2016 Mar 22;14(11):2511-8 - PubMed
  60. Nat Commun. 2020 May 8;11(1):2282 - PubMed
  61. Environ Microbiol. 2017 Jul;19(7):2529-2532 - PubMed
  62. Nat Med. 2004 Jun;10(6):594-601 - PubMed
  63. mBio. 2016 May 10;7(3): - PubMed
  64. J Infect Dis. 1982 Jun;145(6):870-4 - PubMed
  65. Toxins (Basel). 2015 Oct 30;7(11):4421-36 - PubMed
  66. mBio. 2020 Sep 8;11(5): - PubMed
  67. Eukaryot Cell. 2008 Jan;7(1):58-67 - PubMed
  68. J Clin Invest. 2014 May;124(5):2000-8 - PubMed
  69. Fungal Biol Rev. 2017 Mar;31(2):99-112 - PubMed
  70. Microsc Res Tech. 2006 Sep;69(9):729-37 - PubMed
  71. Eukaryot Cell. 2010 Sep;9(9):1329-42 - PubMed
  72. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2018 Jan;113(1):68-70 - PubMed
  73. J Biol Chem. 2019 Jul 5;294(27):10471-10489 - PubMed
  74. FEBS Open Bio. 2019 Mar 15;9(4):791-800 - PubMed
  75. J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Dec 01;6(4): - PubMed
  76. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e48674 - PubMed
  77. Infect Immun. 2002 Sep;70(9):5124-31 - PubMed
  78. Cell Microbiol. 2003 Apr;5(4):203-23 - PubMed
  79. Cell Microbiol. 2007 Feb;9(2):368-81 - PubMed
  80. BMC Microbiol. 2009 Aug 24;9:177 - PubMed
  81. Mol Microbiol. 2005 Sep;57(5):1381-96 - PubMed
  82. Infect Immun. 2014 Aug;82(8):3141-53 - PubMed
  83. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jun;150(3):1414-21 - PubMed
  84. Curr Top Med Mycol. 1988;2:338-87 - PubMed
  85. J Infect Dis. 1992 Sep;166(3):580-6 - PubMed
  86. PLoS One. 2019 Sep 9;14(9):e0222187 - PubMed
  87. Mol Microbiol. 2009 Mar;71(5):1165-76 - PubMed
  88. Methods Enzymol. 2009;459:xvii-xix - PubMed
  89. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):745-50 - PubMed
  90. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2004 Oct 1;239(1):187-93 - PubMed
  91. Ophthalmic Res. 1990;22(2):123-7 - PubMed
  92. Biochem J. 2020 Jul 17;477(13):2489-2507 - PubMed
  93. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2002 Jan;9(1):144-8 - PubMed
  94. Fungal Genet Biol. 2007 Jun;44(6):517-20 - PubMed
  95. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Nov;50(11):3519-28 - PubMed
  96. Biochemistry. 2012 Aug 7;51(31):6080-8 - PubMed
  97. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2012 Feb;93(3):931-40 - PubMed
  98. Mikrobiol Zh. 1973 Jul-Aug;35(4):449-52 - PubMed
  99. J Immunol Methods. 2000 Oct 20;244(1-2):69-80 - PubMed
  100. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1997 Nov;29(11):1235-9 - PubMed
  101. Nature. 2018 Mar 15;555(7696):382-386 - PubMed
  102. Mycoses. 2019 Apr;62(4):374-383 - PubMed
  103. Infect Immun. 2008 Feb;76(2):820-7 - PubMed
  104. Eukaryot Cell. 2005 Jan;4(1):190-201 - PubMed
  105. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1976 Sep;10(3):569-70 - PubMed
  106. J Bacteriol. 1999 Oct;181(20):6469-77 - PubMed
  107. Nat Rev Immunol. 2016 Nov 25;16(12):718-719 - PubMed
  108. J Fungi (Basel). 2020 Nov 17;6(4): - PubMed
  109. Microbiol Immunol. 2003;47(4):271-7 - PubMed
  110. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Jul;104(4):644-8 - PubMed
  111. Microbiology (Reading). 2007 Dec;153(Pt 12):4261-4273 - PubMed
  112. Front Microbiol. 2015 Dec 22;6:1463 - PubMed
  113. Biochemistry. 2005 Mar 15;44(10):3683-93 - PubMed
  114. Curr Biol. 2020 Feb 24;30(4):R142-R143 - PubMed
  115. Infect Immun. 1983 Mar;39(3):1214-9 - PubMed
  116. J Exp Med. 1996 Aug 1;184(2):377-86 - PubMed
  117. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2014 Nov;106(5):1011-20 - PubMed
  118. Virulence. 2016 Aug 17;7(6):702-17 - PubMed
  119. Nature. 1958 Nov 22;182(4647):1427-8 - PubMed
  120. Microbiology (Reading). 2003 Jul;149(Pt 7):1945-1951 - PubMed
  121. Enzyme Microb Technol. 1996 Sep;19(4):311-7 - PubMed
  122. J Immunol. 1995 Oct 1;155(7):3507-16 - PubMed
  123. Infect Immun. 1999 Nov;67(11):6034-9 - PubMed
  124. Mycopathologia. 2001;151(2):53-6 - PubMed
  125. Braz J Microbiol. 2021 Mar;52(1):19-31 - PubMed
  126. Cell Host Microbe. 2012 Mar 15;11(3):264-76 - PubMed
  127. Infect Immun. 2005 Apr;73(4):2012-9 - PubMed
  128. Med Mycol. 2005 Jun;43(4):327-33 - PubMed
  129. J Neuroimmunol. 2000 Sep 22;109(2):75-86 - PubMed
  130. PLoS One. 2007 May 23;2(5):e457 - PubMed
  131. Microbiology (Reading). 2009 Dec;155(Pt 12):3860-3867 - PubMed
  132. Microbiology (Reading). 2005 Jan;151(Pt 1):291-299 - PubMed

Publication Types

Grant support