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He QL, Meng SS, Yang JN, et al. Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report. World J Clin Cases. 2021;9(11):2576-2583doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576.
He, Q. L., Meng, S. S., Yang, J. N., Wang, H. C., Li, Y. M., Li, Y. X., & Lin, X. H. (2021). Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report. World journal of clinical cases, 9(11), 2576-2583. https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576
He, Qiao-Ling, et al. "Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report." World journal of clinical cases vol. 9,11 (2021): 2576-2583. doi: https://doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576
He QL, Meng SS, Yang JN, Wang HC, Li YM, Li YX, Lin XH. Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report. World J Clin Cases. 2021 Apr 16;9(11):2576-2583. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576. PMID: 33889623; PMCID: PMC8040188.
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World J Clin Cases. 2021 Apr 16;9(11):2576-2583. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576.

Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ biclonal multiple myeloma: A case report.

World journal of clinical cases

Qiao-Ling He, Shuang-Shuang Meng, Jing-Nan Yang, Hui-Chao Wang, Yan-Min Li, Yu-Xia Li, Xu-Hong Lin

Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China.
  2. Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China.
  3. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Translational Medicine Center, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, Henan Province, China. [email protected].

PMID: 33889623 PMCID: PMC8040188 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2576

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin D (IgD) multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare subtype of MM and commonly occurs in younger subjects but at a later stage of the International Staging System (ISS) when admitted. As a special type of IgD myeloma, IgD-λ/λ biclonal MM is rarer. Its serum protein electrophoresis and serum immuno-fixation electrophoresis (IFE) might find no anomalies even if the bone marrow (BM) examination is performed. Thus, it is easy to miss the diagnosis.

CASE SUMMARY: A 62-year-old man diagnosed as IgD-λ/λ myeloma (ISS stage III) was admitted with fatigue and weight loss. The physical examination suggested an anemic face, a few moist rales at the left lung base, and mild concave edema in both lower extremities. Laboratory examinations showed the elevated creatinine levels, β2-microglobulin, lactic dehydrogenase, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, while the decreased neutrophils, granulocytes, and hemoglobin. In the serum protein electrophoresis, there appeared two inconspicuous M-spikes. Serum IFE indicated an over-representation of lambda light chain and yielded two monoclonal bands in λ region, but only one corresponding heavy chain band in the antisera to IgD region. The BM histology and BM cytology both supported the diagnosis of IgD-λ/λ myeloma.

CONCLUSION: This case highlights the differential clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of IgD-λ/λ myeloma to help minimize the chance of misdiagnosis.

©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Bone marrow histology; Case report; Immunoglobulin D-λ/λ myeloma; Multiple myeloma; Serum immunofixation electrophoresis; Serum protein electrophoresis

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflicts to report.

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