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Front Oncol. 2021 Mar 31;11:641269. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.641269. eCollection 2021.

Autophagy in Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Induced Leukemia.

Frontiers in oncology

Nicolás Ducasa, Daniel Grasso, Paula Benencio, Daniela L Papademetrio, Mirna Biglione, Fatah Kashanchi, Carolina Berini, Maria Noé Garcia

Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Retrovirus y SIDA (INBIRS), CONICET- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  2. Cátedra de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral (IDEHU), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  4. Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
  5. Laboratory of Molecular Virology, School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Manassas, VA, United States.

PMID: 33869030 PMCID: PMC8045967 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.641269

Abstract

Viruses play an important role in the development of certain human cancers. They are estimated to contribute 16% to all human cancers. Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first human retrovirus to be discovered and is the etiological agent of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL), an aggressive T-cell malignancy with poor prognosis. HTLV-1 viral proteins interact with mechanisms and proteins present in host cells for their own benefit, evading the immune system and promoting the establishment of disease. Several viruses manipulate the autophagy pathway to achieve their infective goals, and HTLV-1 is not the exception. HTLV-1 Tax viral protein engages NF-κB and autophagy pathways prone favoring viral replication and T cell transformation. In this review we focus on describing the relationship of HTLV-1 with the autophagy machinery and its implication in the development of ATLL.

Copyright © 2021 Ducasa, Grasso, Benencio, Papademetrio, Biglione, Kashanchi, Berini and Garcia.

Keywords: HTLV-1; NF-κB; T-cell leukemia; autophagy; tax

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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