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Guilbaud T, Fuks D, Berdah S, et al. Development of a novel educational tool to assess skills in laparoscopic liver surgery using the Delphi methodology: the laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS). Surg Endosc. 2021;doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w.
Guilbaud, T., Fuks, D., Berdah, S., Birnbaum, D. J., & Beyer Berjot, L. (2021). Development of a novel educational tool to assess skills in laparoscopic liver surgery using the Delphi methodology: the laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS). Surgical endoscopy, . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w
Guilbaud, Théophile, et al. "Development of a novel educational tool to assess skills in laparoscopic liver surgery using the Delphi methodology: the laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS)." Surgical endoscopy vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w
Guilbaud T, Fuks D, Berdah S, Birnbaum DJ, Beyer Berjot L. Development of a novel educational tool to assess skills in laparoscopic liver surgery using the Delphi methodology: the laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS). Surg Endosc. 2021 Apr 19; doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w. Epub 2021 Apr 19. PMID: 33871719.
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Surg Endosc. 2021 Apr 19; doi: 10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Development of a novel educational tool to assess skills in laparoscopic liver surgery using the Delphi methodology: the laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS).

Surgical endoscopy

Théophile Guilbaud, David Fuks, Stéphane Berdah, David Jérémie Birnbaum, Laura Beyer Berjot

Affiliations

  1. Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Chemin Des Bourrely, 13015, Marseille, France. [email protected].
  2. Center for Surgical Teaching and Research (CERC), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France. [email protected].
  3. Department of Digestive, Oncological and Metabolic Surgery, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes, 42 Boulevard Jourdan, 75014, Paris, France.
  4. Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, Chemin Des Bourrely, 13015, Marseille, France.
  5. Center for Surgical Teaching and Research (CERC), Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.

PMID: 33871719 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-021-08507-w

Abstract

BACKGROUND: No specific performance assessment scales have been reported in laparoscopic liver resection. This study aimed at developing an objective scale specific for the assessment of technical skills for wedge resection in anterior segments (WRAS) and left lateral sectionectomy (LLS).

METHODS: A laparoscopic liver skills scale (LLSS) was developed using a hierarchical task analysis. A Delphi method obtained consensus among five international experts on relevant steps that should be included into the LLSS for assessment of operative performances. The consensus was predefined using Cronbach's alpha > 0.80.

RESULTS: A semi-structured review extracted 15 essential subtasks for full laparoscopic WRAS and LLS for evaluation in the Delphi survey. Two rounds of the survey were conducted. Three over 15 subtasks did not reach the predefined level of consensus. Based on the expert's comments, 13 subtasks were reformulated, 4 subtasks were added, and a revised skills scale was developed. After the 2nd round survey (Cronbach's alpha 0.84), 19 subtasks were adopted. The LLSS was composed of three main parts: patient positioning and intraoperative preparation (task 1 to 8), the core part of the WRAS and LLS procedure (tasks 9 to 14), and completion of procedure (task 15 to 19).

CONCLUSIONS: The LLSS was developed for measuring the skill set for the education of safe and secure laparoscopic WRAS and LLS procedures in a dedicated training program. After validation, this scale could be also used as an assessment tool in the operating room and extrapolated as an operative roadmap to other complex procedures.

Keywords: Delphi methodology; Educational tool; Laparoscopic liver resection; Learning curve; Training program

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