Display options
Cite
Canale MP, Noce A, Di Lauro M, et al. Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021;13(4)doi: 10.3390/nu13041162.
Canale, M. P., Noce, A., Di Lauro, M., Marrone, G., Cantelmo, M., Cardillo, C., Federici, M., Di Daniele, N., & Tesauro, M. (2021). Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 13(4), . https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041162
Canale, Maria Paola, et al. "Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review." Nutrients vol. 13,4 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041162
Canale MP, Noce A, Di Lauro M, Marrone G, Cantelmo M, Cardillo C, Federici M, Di Daniele N, Tesauro M. Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review. Nutrients. 2021 Apr 01;13(4). doi: 10.3390/nu13041162. PMID: 33915885; PMCID: PMC8066853.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Nutrients. 2021 Apr 01;13(4). doi: 10.3390/nu13041162.

Gut Dysbiosis and Western Diet in the Pathogenesis of Essential Arterial Hypertension: A Narrative Review.

Nutrients

Maria Paola Canale, Annalisa Noce, Manuela Di Lauro, Giulia Marrone, Maria Cantelmo, Carmine Cardillo, Massimo Federici, Nicola Di Daniele, Manfredi Tesauro

Affiliations

  1. Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
  2. UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
  3. PhD School of Applied Medical, Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
  4. School of Specialization in Geriatrics, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
  5. Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Policlinico A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy.

PMID: 33915885 PMCID: PMC8066853 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041162

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of the most dangerous cardiovascular (CV) risk factors including visceral obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, alterations in lipid metabolism and arterial hypertension (AH). In particular, AH plays a key role in the complications associated with metabolic syndrome. High salt intake is a well-known risk factor for AH and CV diseases. Vasoconstriction, impaired vasodilation, extracellular volume expansion, inflammation, and an increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity are the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of AH, induced by Western diet. Gut dysbiosis in AH is associated with reduction of short chain fatty acid-producing bacteria: acetate, butyrate and propionate, which activate different pathways, causing vasoconstriction, impaired vasodilation, salt and water retention and a consequent high blood pressure. Moreover, increased trimethylamine N-oxide and lipopolysaccharides trigger chronic inflammation, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and target organs damage. Additionally, a high salt-intake diet impacts negatively on gut microbiota composition. A bidirectional neuronal pathway determines the "brain-gut" axis, which, in turn, influences blood pressure levels. Then, we discuss the possible adjuvant novel treatments related to gut microbiota modulation for AH control.

Keywords: Western diet; arterial hypertension; fecal transplant; gut microbiota; high salt-intake diet; prebiotic; probiotic

References

  1. Hypertension. 2010 Feb;55(2):500-7 - PubMed
  2. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 Sep 7;25(33):4999-5016 - PubMed
  3. Nature. 2012 Oct 4;490(7418):55-60 - PubMed
  4. Int J Obes (Lond). 2018 Mar;42(3):580-583 - PubMed
  5. Exp Neurol. 2016 May;279:212-222 - PubMed
  6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2013 Mar 12;110(11):4410-5 - PubMed
  7. Mediators Inflamm. 2014;2014:901308 - PubMed
  8. Acta Physiol (Oxf). 2019 Sep;227(1):e13285 - PubMed
  9. Nature. 2018 May;557(7705):434-438 - PubMed
  10. JAMA. 1997 May 28;277(20):1624-32 - PubMed
  11. Hypertension. 1994 Jul;24(1):77-82 - PubMed
  12. Am J Hypertens. 2020 Oct 21;33(10):890-901 - PubMed
  13. Nutrients. 2020 Sep 29;12(10): - PubMed
  14. Front Med (Lausanne). 2018 Mar 29;5:82 - PubMed
  15. Biol Sex Differ. 2019 Apr 25;10(1):22 - PubMed
  16. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2018 Apr;42(2):110-117 - PubMed
  17. Gut Microbes. 2014 Mar-Apr;5(2):202-7 - PubMed
  18. Eur Heart J. 2013 Jul;34(28):2159-219 - PubMed
  19. Allergol Int. 2017 Oct;66(4):515-522 - PubMed
  20. Cell Res. 2015 Aug;25(8):893-910 - PubMed
  21. Nature. 2006 Dec 21;444(7122):1027-31 - PubMed
  22. Circ Res. 2016 Apr 15;118(8):1327-36 - PubMed
  23. Ergeb Physiol. 1974;69(0):2-51 - PubMed
  24. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2012 Apr;14(2):160-9 - PubMed
  25. Hypertension. 1999 Jan;33(1):18-23 - PubMed
  26. Hypertension. 2015 Jun;65(6):1331-40 - PubMed
  27. Physiol Genomics. 2015 Jun;47(6):187-97 - PubMed
  28. Life Sci. 2014 Nov 24;118(2):149-55 - PubMed
  29. Aktuelle Probl Chir Orthop. 1987;31:79-82 - PubMed
  30. JCI Insight. 2017 Oct 5;2(19): - PubMed
  31. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 04;13(1): - PubMed
  32. Lancet. 2005 Jan 15-21;365(9455):217-23 - PubMed
  33. Clin Sci (Lond). 2014 Jul;127(1):33-45 - PubMed
  34. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2020 Jul 10;13(7): - PubMed
  35. BMC Med. 2014 Aug 26;12:115 - PubMed
  36. Cell Rep. 2017 Oct 24;21(4):1009-1020 - PubMed
  37. Microbiome. 2017 Feb 1;5(1):14 - PubMed
  38. Mayo Clin Proc. 2013 Sep;88(9):987-95 - PubMed
  39. JCI Insight. 2019 Jun 4;5: - PubMed
  40. Biochem J. 2018 Mar 15;475(5):1019-1035 - PubMed
  41. Gut Microbes. 2016 Jul 3;7(4):313-322 - PubMed
  42. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2005 Nov;15(8):273-7 - PubMed
  43. Med Oncol. 2014 Sep;31(9):166 - PubMed
  44. World J Mens Health. 2020 Jan;38(1):48-60 - PubMed
  45. Hypertension. 2019 May;73(5):998-1006 - PubMed
  46. Physiol Genomics. 2017 Feb 1;49(2):96-104 - PubMed
  47. Nature. 2014 Jan 23;505(7484):559-63 - PubMed
  48. Am J Physiol. 1987 Mar;252(3 Pt 2):F437-46 - PubMed
  49. Nat Commun. 2018 Jul 9;9(1):2655 - PubMed
  50. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 Jul 1;311(1):G1-G15 - PubMed
  51. Lung. 2002;180(3):149-59 - PubMed
  52. Hypertension. 2016 Feb;67(2):469-74 - PubMed
  53. Nutrients. 2019 Oct 07;11(10): - PubMed
  54. Cardiovasc Ther. 2020 Jun 13;2020:1807941 - PubMed
  55. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 26;10(3):e0122850 - PubMed
  56. Science. 2013 Mar 1;339(6123):1084-8 - PubMed
  57. Cell. 2014 Mar 27;157(1):121-41 - PubMed
  58. Diabetes Care. 2008 Jul;31(7):1439-41 - PubMed
  59. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Aug 30;5(9): - PubMed
  60. J Clin Invest. 2014 Oct;124(10):4642-56 - PubMed
  61. Hypertension. 2005 Sep;46(3):547-54 - PubMed
  62. Front Physiol. 2019 Mar 08;10:231 - PubMed
  63. J Hypertens. 1991 Feb;9(2):167-70 - PubMed
  64. BMJ. 2018 Jun 13;361:k2179 - PubMed
  65. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2018 Mar;14(3):185-201 - PubMed
  66. N Engl J Med. 2013 Aug 1;369(5):448-57 - PubMed
  67. Circ Res. 2017 Mar 31;120(7):1183-1196 - PubMed
  68. Immunity. 2013 Aug 22;39(2):400-12 - PubMed
  69. Mol Cell Biochem. 1996 Jul-Aug;160-161:111-5 - PubMed
  70. Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1988;10(1):1-16 - PubMed
  71. Gut Microbes. 2012 Jul-Aug;3(4):279-88 - PubMed
  72. Lipids Health Dis. 2014 Mar 21;13:54 - PubMed
  73. Int J Endocrinol. 2013;2013:865965 - PubMed
  74. Circulation. 2000 Feb 29;101(8):856-61 - PubMed
  75. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1986 Apr;332(4):364-9 - PubMed
  76. Aging (Albany NY). 2015 Apr;7(4):269-79 - PubMed
  77. Diseases. 2019 Feb 13;7(1): - PubMed
  78. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2016 Dec;10(12):954-961 - PubMed
  79. Pflugers Arch. 2019 Dec;471(11-12):1441-1453 - PubMed
  80. Int J Hypertens. 2013;2013:547809 - PubMed
  81. Nutr Res Rev. 2004 Dec;17(2):259-75 - PubMed
  82. Cell Metab. 2013 Jan 8;17(1):49-60 - PubMed
  83. Front Microbiol. 2018 Sep 25;9:2247 - PubMed
  84. Microbiome. 2018 Mar 22;6(1):57 - PubMed
  85. Indiana Med. 1989 Jun;82(6):466-9 - PubMed
  86. N Engl J Med. 2001 Jan 4;344(1):3-10 - PubMed
  87. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2017 Aug;46(4):389-400 - PubMed
  88. Nutrients. 2019 May 14;11(5): - PubMed
  89. Front Physiol. 2017 Mar 21;8:139 - PubMed
  90. N Engl J Med. 2007 May 10;356(19):1966-78 - PubMed
  91. Nature. 2012 Aug 9;488(7410):178-84 - PubMed
  92. Nat Microbiol. 2019 Apr;4(4):623-632 - PubMed
  93. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 May 15;71(19):e127-e248 - PubMed
  94. Physiol Rev. 2005 Apr;85(2):679-715 - PubMed
  95. Am J Hypertens. 1990 Feb;3(2):133-5 - PubMed
  96. Nature. 2012 Sep 13;489(7415):242-9 - PubMed
  97. Nat Med. 2018 Oct;24(10):1495-1496 - PubMed
  98. Front Physiol. 2018 Oct 10;9:1370 - PubMed
  99. J Nutr Biochem. 2010 Dec;21(12):1186-92 - PubMed
  100. Front Neuroanat. 2019 Nov 19;13:95 - PubMed
  101. Circ Res. 2017 Jan 20;120(2):312-323 - PubMed
  102. Eur Heart J. 2018 Sep 1;39(33):3021-3104 - PubMed
  103. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2017 Aug 24;7:381 - PubMed
  104. J Exp Med. 2007 Oct 1;204(10):2449-60 - PubMed
  105. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017 Aug;14(8):491-502 - PubMed
  106. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2000 Aug;22(6):555-69 - PubMed
  107. J Exp Med. 2019 Jan 7;216(1):20-40 - PubMed
  108. PLoS One. 2014 Jun 11;9(6):e99053 - PubMed
  109. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2015 Mar;28(1):129-33 - PubMed
  110. J Am Heart Assoc. 2017 Jun 29;6(7): - PubMed
  111. Circ Res. 2019 Jun 21;125(1):104-116 - PubMed
  112. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006 Mar;290(3):R529-35 - PubMed
  113. Cardiovasc Res. 2019 Jul 1;115(9):1435-1447 - PubMed
  114. Nat Rev Cancer. 2013 Nov;13(11):800-12 - PubMed
  115. Curr Hypertens Rep. 2020 Sep 3;22(10):79 - PubMed
  116. Hypertension. 2014 Oct;64(4):897-903 - PubMed
  117. Eur Heart J. 2020 Nov 21;41(44):4259-4267 - PubMed
  118. PLoS One. 2011 Jan 28;6(1):e14542 - PubMed
  119. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997 Feb;65(2 Suppl):626S-642S - PubMed
  120. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Oct 6;112(40):12468-73 - PubMed
  121. ISME J. 2010 Feb;4(2):232-41 - PubMed
  122. Br J Pharmacol. 2020 May;177(9):2006-2023 - PubMed
  123. Nutrients. 2021 Jan 19;13(1): - PubMed
  124. Annu Rev Immunol. 2017 Apr 26;35:371-402 - PubMed
  125. Int J Mol Sci. 2009 Aug 27;10(9):3755-75 - PubMed
  126. Med Biol Eng Comput. 2006 Dec;44(12):1031-51 - PubMed
  127. J Nephrol. 2019 Feb;32(1):75-81 - PubMed
  128. J Cell Mol Med. 2018 Jan;22(1):185-194 - PubMed
  129. BMC Microbiol. 2018 Sep 12;18(1):114 - PubMed
  130. Nature. 2013 Apr 25;496(7446):518-22 - PubMed
  131. Int J Med Sci. 2019 Jun 2;16(6):872-881 - PubMed
  132. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2014 Aug;11(8):506-14 - PubMed
  133. Circulation. 2017 Mar 7;135(10):964-977 - PubMed
  134. Am J Hypertens. 1994 Apr;7(4 Pt 1):346-50 - PubMed
  135. Atherosclerosis. 2010 May;210(1):199-201 - PubMed
  136. Front Microbiol. 2014 Sep 22;5:494 - PubMed
  137. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2006 Feb;72(2):1027-33 - PubMed
  138. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Oct 1;96(7):453-461 - PubMed

MeSH terms

Publication Types