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Mukhtar H, Rubaiee S, Krichen M, et al. An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(8)doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084022.
Mukhtar, H., Rubaiee, S., Krichen, M., & Alroobaea, R. (2021). An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(8), . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084022
Mukhtar, Hamid, et al. "An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors." International journal of environmental research and public health vol. 18,8 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084022
Mukhtar H, Rubaiee S, Krichen M, Alroobaea R. An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 12;18(8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084022. PMID: 33921223; PMCID: PMC8070194.
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Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 12;18(8). doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084022.

An IoT Framework for Screening of COVID-19 Using Real-Time Data from Wearable Sensors.

International journal of environmental research and public health

Hamid Mukhtar, Saeed Rubaiee, Moez Krichen, Roobaea Alroobaea

Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, College of Computers and Information Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
  2. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia.
  3. Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 65431, Saudi Arabia.
  4. ReDCAD Laboratory, National School of Engineers of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3038, Tunisia.

PMID: 33921223 PMCID: PMC8070194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084022

Abstract

Experts have predicted that COVID-19 may prevail for many months or even years before it can be completely eliminated. A major problem in its cure is its early screening and detection, which will decide on its treatment. Due to the fast contactless spreading of the virus, its screening is unusually difficult. Moreover, the results of COVID-19 tests may take up to 48 h. That is enough time for the virus to worsen the health of the affected person. The health community needs effective means for identification of the virus in the shortest possible time. In this study, we invent a medical device utilized consisting of composable sensors to monitor remotely and in real-time the health status of those who have symptoms of the coronavirus or those infected with it. The device comprises wearable medical sensors integrated using the Arduino hardware interfacing and a smartphone application. An IoT framework is deployed at the backend through which various devices can communicate in real-time. The medical device is applied to determine the patient's critical status of the effects of the coronavirus or its symptoms using heartbeat, cough, temperature and Oxygen concentration (SpO2) that are evaluated using our custom algorithm. Until now, it has been found that many coronavirus patients remain asymptomatic, but in case of known symptoms, a person can be quickly identified with our device. It also allows doctors to examine their patients without the need for physical direct contact with them to reduce the possibility of infection. Our solution uses rule-based decision-making based on the physiological data of a person obtained through sensors. These rules allow to classify a person as healthy or having a possibility of infection by the coronavirus. The advantage of using rules for patient's classification is that the rules can be updated as new findings emerge from time to time. In this article, we explain the details of the sensors, the smartphone application, and the associated IoT framework for real-time, remote screening of COVID-19.

Keywords: Arduino; IoT; algorithm; coronavirus; cough; heartbeat

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