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J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol. 2021 Nov 25;13(4):384-390. doi: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2020.2021.0169. Epub 2021 May 20.

Vitamin D Deficiency Prevalence in Late Neonatal Hypocalcemia: A Multicenter Study.

Journal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology

Gülcan Seymen-Karabulut, Ayla Günlemez, Ayşe Sevim Gökalp, Şükrü Hatun, Fatma Kaya Narter, Mehmet Mutlu, Şebnem Kader, Demet Terek, Deniz Hanta, Emel Okulu, Leyla Karadeniz, H Gözde Kanmaz Kutman, Ayşegül Zenciroğlu, Özmert M. A. Özdemir, Dilek Sarıcı, Muhittin Çelik, Nihat Demir, Özden Turan, Kıymet Çelik, Fatih Kılıçbay, Sinan Uslu, Sara Erol, Sabahattin Ertuğrul, İlkay Er, Hasan Tolga Çelik, Merih Çetinkaya, Filiz Aktürk-Acar, Yakup Aslan, Gaffari Tunç, Ömer Güran, Ayşe Engin Arısoy

Affiliations

  1. University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, ?stanbul, Turkey
  2. Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kocaeli, Turkey
  3. Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, ?stanbul, Turkey
  4. Dr. Lütfi K?rdar Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?stanbul, Turkey
  5. Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Trabzon, Turkey
  6. Trabzon Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Trabzon, Turkey
  7. Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?zmir, Turkey
  8. Adana Women and Children Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Adana, Turkey
  9. Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  10. University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ümraniye Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?stanbul, Turkey
  11. Zekai Tahir Burak Maternity Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  12. University of Health Sciences Turkey, Ankara Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity Women and Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  13. Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Denizli, Turkey
  14. Keçiören Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  15. Diyarbak?r Children Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Diyarbak?r, Turkey
  16. Van Yüzüncü Y?l University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Van, Turkey
  17. Ba?kent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  18. Dr. Behçet Uz Children Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?zmir, Turkey
  19. ?i?li Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?stanbul, Turkey
  20. Etlik Zübeyde Han?m Maternity Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  21. Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Diyarbak?r, Turkey
  22. Derince Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Kocaeli, Turkey
  23. acettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ankara, Turkey
  24. Kanuni Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, ?stanbul, Turkey

PMID: 34013710 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2020.2021.0169

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Late neonatal hypocalcemia (LNH) is a common metabolic problem associated with hypoparathyroidism, high phosphate intake and vitamin D deficiency, often presenting with seizures. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the role of vitamin D deficiency in LNH in Turkey and to describe the characteristics of affected newborns.

METHODS: Conducted with a cross-sectional design and with the participation of 61 neonatal centers from December 2015 to December 2016, the study included term neonates with LNH (n=96) and their mothers (n=93). Data were registered on the FAVOR Web Registry System. Serum samples of newborns and mothers were analyzed for calcium, phosphate, magnesium, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels.

RESULTS: The median (range) onset time of hypocalcemia was 5.0 (4.0-8.0) days of age, with a male preponderance (60.4%). The median (range) serum 25(OH)D levels of the neonates and their mothers were 6.3 (4.1-9.05) and 5.2 (4.7-8.8) ng/mL, respectively. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<12 ng/mL) was high in both the neonates (86.5%) and mothers (93%). Serum 25(OH)D levels of the infants and mothers showed a strong correlation (p<0.001). While the majority (93.7%) of the neonates had normal/high phosphorus levels, iPTH levels were low or inappropriately normal in 54.2% of the patients.

CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency prevalence was found to be high in LNH. Efforts to provide vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy should be encouraged. Evaluation of vitamin D status should be included in the workup of LNH.

Keywords: hypocalcemia; infant; newborn; Vitamin D deficiency

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