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Shokoohi R, Khazaei M, Karami M, et al. Deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment approach of exposure to heavy metals in drinking water sources: A case study of a semi-arid region in the west of Iran. J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021;19(1):1047-1055doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4.
Shokoohi, R., Khazaei, M., Karami, M., Seid-Mohammadi, A., Khotanlou, H., Berijani, N., & Torkshavand, Z. (2021). Deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment approach of exposure to heavy metals in drinking water sources: A case study of a semi-arid region in the west of Iran. Journal of environmental health science & engineering, 19(1), 1047-1055. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4
Shokoohi, Reza, et al. "Deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment approach of exposure to heavy metals in drinking water sources: A case study of a semi-arid region in the west of Iran." Journal of environmental health science & engineering vol. 19,1 (2021): 1047-1055. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4
Shokoohi R, Khazaei M, Karami M, Seid-Mohammadi A, Khotanlou H, Berijani N, Torkshavand Z. Deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment approach of exposure to heavy metals in drinking water sources: A case study of a semi-arid region in the west of Iran. J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021 May 05;19(1):1047-1055. doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4. eCollection 2021 Jun. PMID: 34150293; PMCID: PMC8172687.
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J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2021 May 05;19(1):1047-1055. doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4. eCollection 2021 Jun.

Deterministic and probabilistic human health risk assessment approach of exposure to heavy metals in drinking water sources: A case study of a semi-arid region in the west of Iran.

Journal of environmental health science & engineering

Reza Shokoohi, Mohammad Khazaei, Manoochehr Karami, Abdolmotaleb Seid-Mohammadi, Hassan Khotanlou, Nima Berijani, Zahra Torkshavand

Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
  2. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
  3. Department of Computer Engineering, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran.
  4. Occupational Medicine Specialist, Sepehr Occupational Medicine Center, Hamadan, Iran.

PMID: 34150293 PMCID: PMC8172687 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-021-00671-4

Abstract

In the current study, the concentration of heavy metals (Ba, Mn, Pb, and Cd) in drinking water resources of 328 villages in Hamadan Province were measured using ICP-OES apparatus during two dry (September 2018) and wet (April 2019) seasons. The assessment of the non-carcinogenic risk of selected heavy metals was conducted based on the recommendations of the USEPA. Also, sensitivity analysis and uncertainty of the effective variables were performed using Monte-Carlo simulations. Based on the results, Mn level in drinking water samples ranged 0.08-25.63 μg/L and 0.08-20.03 μg/L in dry and wet seasons, respectively. Similarly, Ba levels in water samples ranged 0.15-70.13 μg/L and 0.84-65 μg/L. Also, Cd and Pb concentrations in all sampling sites were below the limits of detection (LOD) of the ICP-OES apparatus. The hazard index (HI) values for adult and children were 2.17 × 10

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021.

Keywords: Hamadan Province; Heavy metals; Non-carcinogenic risk; Sensitivity analysis

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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