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Ainan S, Furia FF, Mhimbira F, et al. Xpert® MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania. Public Health Action. 2021;11(2):75-79doi: 10.5588/pha.20.0062.
Ainan, S., Furia, F. F., Mhimbira, F., Mnyambwa, N. P., Mgina, N., Zumla, A., Mfinanga, S. G., & Ngadaya, E. (2021). Xpert® MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania. Public health action, 11(2), 75-79. https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.20.0062
Ainan, S, et al. "Xpert® MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania." Public health action vol. 11,2 (2021): 75-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.5588/pha.20.0062
Ainan S, Furia FF, Mhimbira F, Mnyambwa NP, Mgina N, Zumla A, Mfinanga SG, Ngadaya E. Xpert® MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania. Public Health Action. 2021 Jun 21;11(2):75-79. doi: 10.5588/pha.20.0062. PMID: 34159066; PMCID: PMC8202623.
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Public Health Action. 2021 Jun 21;11(2):75-79. doi: 10.5588/pha.20.0062.

Xpert® MTB/RIF assay testing on stool for the diagnosis of paediatric pulmonary TB in Tanzania.

Public health action

S Ainan, F F Furia, F Mhimbira, N P Mnyambwa, N Mgina, A Zumla, S G Mfinanga, E Ngadaya

Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  2. National Institute for Medical Research, Muhimbili Medical Research Centre, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  3. Department of Intervention and Clinical Trials, Ifakara Health Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
  5. Central Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Dar es salaam, Tanzania.
  6. Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
  7. School of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania.

PMID: 34159066 PMCID: PMC8202623 DOI: 10.5588/pha.20.0062

Abstract

SETTING: Six health facilities in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of stool specimens in the diagnostic workup of paediatric TB using the Xpert

DESIGN: Between December 2018 and May 2019, we performed a cross-sectional diagnostic study of children aged between 1 month and 14 years with presumptive TB. A single stool specimen was tested using Xpert. The result was compared with the reference microbiological standard for respiratory or gastric specimens tested using Xpert and/or solid culture. The sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of stool Xpert assay were assessed.

RESULTS: A total of 225 children with a median age of 2.17 years (IQR 1.16-5.19) were enrolled; 165/225 (73.3%) were aged <5 years. Of 225 children, 8 (3.6%) were diagnosed with TB as they were culture- or Xpert-positive on sputum/gastric aspirate. The stool Xpert assay showed a sensitivity of 62.5% (95% CI 25-92) and specificity of 100% (95% CI 98-100) against the reference standard.

CONCLUSION: Use of the Xpert assay on stool specimens had a moderate sensitivity and high specificity in the diagnosis of pulmonary TB in children. Our data adds to the body of evidence for the use of Xpert assay on stool as a non-respiratory specimen to complement conventional methods used to diagnose the disease.

© 2021 The Union.

Keywords: Xpert® MTB/RIF; diagnosis; paediatric TB; stool; tuberculosis

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests: none declared.

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