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Wohlfahrt-Veje C, Tinggaard J, Juul A, et al. Pubarche and Gonadarche Onset and Progression Are Differently Associated With Birth Weight and Infancy Growth Patterns. J Endocr Soc. 2021;5(8):bvab108doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvab108.
Wohlfahrt-Veje, C., Tinggaard, J., Juul, A., Toppari, J., Skakkebæk, N. E., & Main, K. M. (2021). Pubarche and Gonadarche Onset and Progression Are Differently Associated With Birth Weight and Infancy Growth Patterns. Journal of the Endocrine Society, 5(8), bvab108. https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab108
Wohlfahrt-Veje, Christine, et al. "Pubarche and Gonadarche Onset and Progression Are Differently Associated With Birth Weight and Infancy Growth Patterns." Journal of the Endocrine Society vol. 5,8 (2021): bvab108. doi: https://doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvab108
Wohlfahrt-Veje C, Tinggaard J, Juul A, Toppari J, Skakkebæk NE, Main KM. Pubarche and Gonadarche Onset and Progression Are Differently Associated With Birth Weight and Infancy Growth Patterns. J Endocr Soc. 2021 Jun 10;5(8):bvab108. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvab108. eCollection 2021 Aug 01. PMID: 34250379; PMCID: PMC8262798.
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J Endocr Soc. 2021 Jun 10;5(8):bvab108. doi: 10.1210/jendso/bvab108. eCollection 2021 Aug 01.

Pubarche and Gonadarche Onset and Progression Are Differently Associated With Birth Weight and Infancy Growth Patterns.

Journal of the Endocrine Society

Christine Wohlfahrt-Veje, Jeanette Tinggaard, Anders Juul, Jorma Toppari, Niels E Skakkebæk, Katharina M Main

Affiliations

  1. Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
  2. International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
  3. Institute of Biomedicine, Research Center of Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Turku, and Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, 20521 Turku, Finland.

PMID: 34250379 PMCID: PMC8262798 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvab108

Abstract

CONTEXT: Controversy exists regarding associations between early-life growth patterns and timing of puberty.

OBJECTIVE: This work aims to investigate associations between birth anthropometry, early growth patterns, and onset/progression of pubertal milestones in boys and girls.

METHODS: Among children examined at birth (1997-2003) and at age 36 months in a mother-child cohort, pubertal Tanner stages (B1-5, PH1-5, G1-5) and testicular volume were examined by trained physicians at 1 to 5 follow-up examinations during childhood and adolescence (672 girls and 846 boys, 2006-2013).With parametric survival models we analyzed associations between birth weight, changes in SD scores (SDS) from birth to 36 months (ΔSDS 0-36 > 0.67 SD defining catch-up growth), and age at pubertal onset/attainment of late pubertal stages/menarche.

RESULTS: A 1-kg higher birth weight was associated with earlier onset of B2+ (thelarche): -3.9 months (CI, -6.7 to -1.1 months), G2+ (gonadarche): -2.7 months (-5.3 to -0.1 months), Tvol3+ (testis size > 3 mL): -2.8 months (CI, -4.9 to -0.7 months), but with later G4+ and PH4+ in boys, and a slower progression from B2 to menarche (5.3 months [CI, 1.2 to 9.4 months]) in girls. Catch-up growth was associated with earlier PH2+ (pubarche) in girls (-4.1 months [CI, -7.6 to -0.6 months]), earlier PH2+ in boys (-3.4 months [CI, -6.6 to -0.2 months]), faster progression from B2 to menarche in girls (-9.1 months [CI, 14.6 to 3.5 months]), and earlier G4+ and PH4+ in boys.

CONCLUSION: Associations between birthweight and infancy catch-up growth differed for gonadarche and pubarche, and for early and late pubertal markers, with similar patterns in both sexes.

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Endocrine Society.

Keywords: catch-up growth; gonadarche; menarche; puberty; thelarche

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