Display options
Cite
Blayney F, Camuzard O, Klein A, et al. Anatomical study of the clitoris and its implications on female genital mutilation and surgical repair. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021;74(12):3394-3403doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034.
Blayney, F., Camuzard, O., Klein, A., Perchenet, A. S., Bertrand, B., Philandrianos, C., Massin, V., Abellan-Lopez, M., & Casanova, D. (2021). Anatomical study of the clitoris and its implications on female genital mutilation and surgical repair. Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS, 74(12), 3394-3403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034
Blayney, Fanny, et al. "Anatomical study of the clitoris and its implications on female genital mutilation and surgical repair." Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS vol. 74,12 (2021): 3394-3403. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034
Blayney F, Camuzard O, Klein A, Perchenet AS, Bertrand B, Philandrianos C, Massin V, Abellan-Lopez M, Casanova D. Anatomical study of the clitoris and its implications on female genital mutilation and surgical repair. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Dec;74(12):3394-3403. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034. Epub 2021 Jun 09. PMID: 34253487.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Dec;74(12):3394-3403. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034. Epub 2021 Jun 09.

Anatomical study of the clitoris and its implications on female genital mutilation and surgical repair.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

Fanny Blayney, Olivier Camuzard, Arthur Klein, Anne-Sophie Perchenet, Baptiste Bertrand, Cécile Philandrianos, Valentin Massin, Maxime Abellan-Lopez, Dominique Casanova

Affiliations

  1. Conception Hospital/assistance publique hôpitaux de Marseille Plastic, esthetic and Reconstructive surgery department Pr. Casanova PhD, 147, Boulevard Baille, 13005, Marseille, France. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Pasteur universitary hospital, Plastic surgery department and Hand Reconstruction, 30 voie Romaine, 06001 Nice Cedex 1, France.
  3. Conception Hospital/assistance publique hôpitaux de Marseille Plastic, esthetic and Reconstructive surgery department Pr. Casanova PhD, 147, Boulevard Baille, 13005, Marseille, France.
  4. Saint Anne Military hospital, 2 bd saint Anne, 83000 Toulon, France.

PMID: 34253487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.034

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Worldwide, 200 million girls and women have been subjected to female genital mutilation. To restore the clitoral function and vulvar anatomy, clitoral repair has been performed since the 2000s. Nevertheless, there is a lack of precise and comprehensive data on the clitoral anatomy during surgical repair. This study aimed to precisely describe the terminal anatomies of the dorsal nerve and artery of the clitoris, and the clitoral neurovascular flap advancement for reconstruction in patients with female genital mutilation.

METHODS: This study was performed on seven fresh female cadavers. The site of origin, diameter, length, and trajectory of each nerve and artery were recorded. The clitoral neurovascular flap advancement was measured after a midline transection of the suspensory ligament was performed and after extensive liberation of the dorsal bundles at their emergence from the pubic rami.

RESULTS: At the distal point of the clitoral body, the width of the dorsal nerve and artery was 1.9 ± 0.3 mm and 0.9 ± 0.2 mm, respectively. The total length of the dorsal bundles was 6.6 cm (± 0.4). The midpart of the suspensory ligament was sectioned, which allowed a mean anteroposterior mobility of 2.7 cm (± 0.2). Extensive dissection of the neurovascular bundles up to their point of emergence from the suspensory ligament allowed a mean mobility of 3.4 ± 0.2 cm.

CONCLUSION: We described the anatomical characteristics of the dorsal nerve and artery of the clitoris and the mobility of the clitoral neurovascular flap for reconstruction post clitoridectomy. This was done to restore the anatomic position of the glans clitoris while preserving and potentially restoring clitoral function in patients with female genital mutilation.

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Clitoral advancement; Clitoral anatomy; Clitoral reconstruction; Clitoral surgery; Dorsal artery of clitoris; Dorsal nerve of clitoris; Female genital mutilation

Publication Types