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Oliven R, Rotfeld M, Gino-Moor S, et al. Early Detection and Intervention for Patients with Delirium Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine: Lessons from a Pilot Initiative. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2021;11(2):134-139doi: 10.1159/000515958.
Oliven, R., Rotfeld, M., Gino-Moor, S., Schiff, E., Odeh, M., & Gil, E. (2021). Early Detection and Intervention for Patients with Delirium Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine: Lessons from a Pilot Initiative. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra, 11(2), 134-139. https://doi.org/10.1159/000515958
Oliven, Ron, et al. "Early Detection and Intervention for Patients with Delirium Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine: Lessons from a Pilot Initiative." Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra vol. 11,2 (2021): 134-139. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000515958
Oliven R, Rotfeld M, Gino-Moor S, Schiff E, Odeh M, Gil E. Early Detection and Intervention for Patients with Delirium Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine: Lessons from a Pilot Initiative. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2021 Jun 02;11(2):134-139. doi: 10.1159/000515958. eCollection 2021. PMID: 34178018; PMCID: PMC8215981.
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Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra. 2021 Jun 02;11(2):134-139. doi: 10.1159/000515958. eCollection 2021.

Early Detection and Intervention for Patients with Delirium Admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine: Lessons from a Pilot Initiative.

Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extra

Ron Oliven, Meital Rotfeld, Sharon Gino-Moor, Elad Schiff, Majed Odeh, Efrat Gil

Affiliations

  1. Geriatric Unit, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
  2. Department of Medicine, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
  3. Rappaport School of Medicine, Technion Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
  4. Geriatric Service, Clalit Health Services, Haifa and West Galilee, Haifa, Israel.

PMID: 34178018 PMCID: PMC8215981 DOI: 10.1159/000515958

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Older patients who arrive to the emergency room with delirium have a worse prognosis than others. Early detection and treatment of this problem has been shown to improve outcome. We have launched a project at our hospital to improve the care of patients who arrive delirious to the medical emergency room. The present article describes lessons that can be learned from this pilot initiative.

METHODS: All patients older than 70 years admitted to the department of internal medicine were screened for delirium in the emergency room using the 4AT screening tool. Data of patients with a 4AT score ≥5 (or with incomplete score) were transferred to the geriatric unit of the hospital. On the ward, the presence of delirium was confirmed by a geriatric nurse that validated that the patient could walk with support and ordered mobilization and physiotherapy (M&P).

RESULTS: Over the 2 and a half years (10 quarters) allocated for the pilot project, 1,078 medical patients with delirium were included in this survey. In 59.3%, the diagnosis of delirium could be confirmed only after admission. Due to budgetary constraints, only 54.7% received the allocated specific intervention - early M&P. Since it was decided that randomization was not appropriate for our initiative, we found that patients who received M&P had lower (better) 4AT scores on admission, and lower mortality. No significant difference was found between the patients who received M&P and the others in length of hospitalization and discharge to nursing homes. Retrospective comparison of the two groups did not enable to determine whether M&P was given to the patients for whom it was most effective.

CONCLUSIONS: It is often not possible to verify in the emergency room that the cognitive decline is indeed new, that is, is due to delirium, and measures must be taken to verify this point as soon as possible after admission. Due to numerous constraints, the availability of early M&P is often insufficient. Whenever resources are scarce and randomization is avoided, adequate criteria should be found for allocating existing dedicated staff to patients for whom early mobilization is likely to be most beneficial.

Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel.

Keywords: 4AT; Delirium; Dementia; Physiotherapy

Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare they have no conflict of interest.

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