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Kim SH, Kim D, Lee JM, et al. Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus. Healthcare (Basel). 2021;9(6)doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060779.
Kim, S. H., Kim, D., Lee, J. M., Lee, S. K., Kang, H. J., & Yeo, S. G. (2021). Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland), 9(6), . https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060779
Kim, Sang Hoon, et al. "Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus." Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 9,6 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060779
Kim SH, Kim D, Lee JM, Lee SK, Kang HJ, Yeo SG. Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus. Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 21;9(6). doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060779. PMID: 34205776; PMCID: PMC8235102.
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Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jun 21;9(6). doi: 10.3390/healthcare9060779.

Review of Pharmacotherapy for Tinnitus.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

Sang Hoon Kim, Dokyoung Kim, Jae-Min Lee, Sun Kyu Lee, Hee Jin Kang, Seung Geun Yeo

Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
  2. Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.

PMID: 34205776 PMCID: PMC8235102 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9060779

Abstract

Various medications are currently used in the treatment of tinnitus, including anesthetics, antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antihistamines, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, calcium channel blockers, cholinergic antagonists, NMDA antagonists, muscle relaxants, vasodilators, and vitamins. To date, however, no medications have been specifically approved to treat tinnitus by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In addition, medicines used to treat other diseases, as well as foods and other ingested materials, can result in unwanted tinnitus. These include alcohol, antineoplastic chemotherapeutic agents and heavy metals, antimetabolites, antitumor agents, antibiotics, caffeine, cocaine, marijuana, nonnarcotic analgesics and antipyretics, ototoxic antibiotics and diuretics, oral contraceptives, quinine and chloroquine, and salicylates. This review, therefore, describes the medications currently used to treat tinnitus, including their mechanisms of action, therapeutic effects, dosages, and side-effects. In addition, this review describes the medications, foods, and other ingested agents that can induce unwanted tinnitus, as well as their mechanisms of action.

Keywords: pharmacotherapy; tinnitus

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