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Pérez Mejias EL, Faxas SM, Taveras NT, et al. Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction. Cureus. 2021;13(6):e15655doi: 10.7759/cureus.15655.
Pérez Mejias, E. L., Faxas, S. M., Taveras, N. T., Talpur, A. S., Kumar, J., Khalid, M., Aruwani, S. K., Khalid, D., Khalid, H., & Memon, S. (2021). Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction. Cureus, 13(6), e15655. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15655
Pérez Mejias, Erick Leonel, et al. "Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction." Cureus vol. 13,6 (2021): e15655. doi: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.15655
Pérez Mejias EL, Faxas SM, Taveras NT, Talpur AS, Kumar J, Khalid M, Aruwani SK, Khalid D, Khalid H, Memon S. Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction. Cureus. 2021 Jun 15;13(6):e15655. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15655. eCollection 2021 Jun. PMID: 34277248; PMCID: PMC8280959.
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Cureus. 2021 Jun 15;13(6):e15655. doi: 10.7759/cureus.15655. eCollection 2021 Jun.

Peripheral Artery Disease as a Risk Factor for Myocardial Infarction.

Cureus

Erick Leonel Pérez Mejias, Sila Mateo Faxas, Nicole Tejeda Taveras, Abdul Subhan Talpur, Jitesh Kumar, Maria Khalid, Suraj K Aruwani, Dua Khalid, Haya Khalid, Sidra Memon

Affiliations

  1. Internal Medicine, INTEC Education College, Shah Alam, MYS.
  2. Internal Medicine, Universidad Iberoamericana, Santo Domingo, DOM.
  3. Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, PAK.
  4. Internal Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College, Sukkur, PAK.
  5. Internal Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, PAK.
  6. Internal Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, PAK.

PMID: 34277248 PMCID: PMC8280959 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.15655

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:  Atherosclerosis contributes to the underlying pathophysiology for peripheral arterial disease (PAD), coronary artery disease (CAD), and cerebrovascular disease. Several studies have been conducted to demonstrate PAD as a major risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events, however, the regional data are limited. This study aims to highlight PAD as a major risk factor in CV events in a local setting.

METHODS:  In this longitudinal study, 400 hypertensive patients with a confirmed diagnosis of PAD were enrolled from the outpatient department of the cardiology unit. Diagnosis of PAD was made using the ankle brachial index (ABI). ABI less than 0.9 was labeled as participants with PAD. Another group of 400 without PAD was also enrolled as the control group from the outpatient department of cardiology unit. Patients were followed up for 12 months or for the development of myocardial infarction (MI).

RESULT:  Participants with PAD had a significant increased risk of total MI events with a relative risk (RR) of 1.67 (confidence interval, CI 95%: 1.05-2.66; p-value: 0.02). The RR for fatal MI was 2.62 (CI 95%: 0.94-7.29; p-value: 0.06) compared to the participants without PAD, however, it was not significant.

CONCLUSION:  This study has focused on the risk factors of PAD and has suggested that the patients who have any of the mentioned risk factors should be treated with caution under strict instructions given by doctors. A variety of treatment options is available, but the initial changes should be made in the lifestyle of these patients, making sure the risk factors are being treated.

Copyright © 2021, Pérez Mejias et al.

Keywords: association; fatal myocardial infarction; myocardial infarction; peripheral artery disease; risk factor

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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