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Pro S, Vinti L, Boni A, et al. Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Non-Primary Pediatric Cancer: From Neurotoxicity to Possible Etiologies. J Clin Med. 2021;10(14)doi: 10.3390/jcm10143016.
Pro, S., Vinti, L., Boni, A., Mastronuzzi, A., Scilipoti, M., Velardi, M., Caroleo, A. M., Farina, E., Badolato, F., Alessi, I., Di Nardo, G., Carai, A., Valeriani, M., Reale, A., Parisi, P., & Raucci, U. (2021). Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Non-Primary Pediatric Cancer: From Neurotoxicity to Possible Etiologies. Journal of clinical medicine, 10(14), . https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143016
Pro, Stefano, et al. "Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Non-Primary Pediatric Cancer: From Neurotoxicity to Possible Etiologies." Journal of clinical medicine vol. 10,14 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143016
Pro S, Vinti L, Boni A, Mastronuzzi A, Scilipoti M, Velardi M, Caroleo AM, Farina E, Badolato F, Alessi I, Di Nardo G, Carai A, Valeriani M, Reale A, Parisi P, Raucci U. Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Non-Primary Pediatric Cancer: From Neurotoxicity to Possible Etiologies. J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 06;10(14). doi: 10.3390/jcm10143016. PMID: 34300182; PMCID: PMC8303855.
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J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 06;10(14). doi: 10.3390/jcm10143016.

Peripheral Nervous System Involvement in Non-Primary Pediatric Cancer: From Neurotoxicity to Possible Etiologies.

Journal of clinical medicine

Stefano Pro, Luciana Vinti, Alessandra Boni, Angela Mastronuzzi, Martina Scilipoti, Margherita Velardi, Anna Maria Caroleo, Elisa Farina, Fausto Badolato, Iside Alessi, Giovanni Di Nardo, Andrea Carai, Massimiliano Valeriani, Antonino Reale, Pasquale Parisi, Umberto Raucci

Affiliations

  1. Child Neurology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
  2. Department of Hematology/Oncology, Gene Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplantation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
  3. Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
  4. Department of Emergency, Acceptance and General Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.
  5. Child Neurology, NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy.
  6. Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy.

PMID: 34300182 PMCID: PMC8303855 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10143016

Abstract

Peripheral neuropathy is a well described complication in children with cancer. Oncologists are generally well aware of the toxicity of the main agents, but fear the side effects of new drugs. As chemotherapeutic agents have been correlated with the activation of the immune system such as in Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy (CIPN), an abnormal response can lead to Autoimmune Peripheral Neuropathy (APN). Although less frequent but more severe, Radiation Induced Peripheral Neuropathy may be related to irreversible peripheral nervous system (PNS). Pediatric cancer patients also have a higher risk of entering a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit for complications related to therapy and disease. Injury to peripheral nerves is cumulative, and frequently, the additional stress of a malignancy and its therapy can unmask a subclinical neuropathy. Emerging risk factors for CIPN include treatment factors such as dose, duration and concurrent medication along with patient factors, namely age and inherited susceptibilities. The recent identification of individual genetic variations has advanced the understanding of physiopathological mechanisms and may direct future treatment approaches. More research is needed on pharmacological agents for the prevention or treatment of the condition as well as rehabilitation interventions, in order to allow for the simultaneous delivery of optimal cancer therapy and the mitigation of toxicity associated with pain and functional impairment. The aim of this paper is to review literature data regarding PNS complications in non-primary pediatric cancer.

Keywords: complications; pediatric cancer; peripheral nervous system; peripheral neuropathy

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