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Ascenzi F, De Vitis C, Maugeri-Saccà M, et al. SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2021;40(1):265doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6.
Ascenzi, F., De Vitis, C., Maugeri-Saccà, M., Napoli, C., Ciliberto, G., & Mancini, R. (2021). SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy. Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR, 40(1), 265. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6
Ascenzi, Francesca, et al. "SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy." Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR vol. 40,1 (2021): 265. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6
Ascenzi F, De Vitis C, Maugeri-Saccà M, Napoli C, Ciliberto G, Mancini R. SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 24;40(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6. PMID: 34429143; PMCID: PMC8383407.
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J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Aug 24;40(1):265. doi: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6.

SCD1, autophagy and cancer: implications for therapy.

Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR

Francesca Ascenzi, Claudia De Vitis, Marcello Maugeri-Saccà, Christian Napoli, Gennaro Ciliberto, Rita Mancini

Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
  2. Division of Medical Oncology 2, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  3. Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00189, Rome, Italy.
  4. Scientific Direction, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  5. Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy. [email protected].

PMID: 34429143 PMCID: PMC8383407 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02067-6

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Autophagy is an intracellular degradation system that removes unnecessary or dysfunctional components and recycles them for other cellular functions. Over the years, a mutual regulation between lipid metabolism and autophagy has been uncovered.

METHODS: This is a narrative review discussing the connection between SCD1 and the autophagic process, along with the modality through which this crosstalk can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.

RESULTS: Fatty acids, depending on the species, can have either activating or inhibitory roles on autophagy. In turn, autophagy regulates the mobilization of fat from cellular deposits, such as lipid droplets, and removes unnecessary lipids to prevent cellular lipotoxicity. This review describes the regulation of autophagy by lipid metabolism in cancer cells, focusing on the role of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), the key enzyme involved in the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids. SCD1 plays an important role in cancer, promoting cell proliferation and metastasis. The role of autophagy in cancer is more complex since it can act either by protecting against the onset of cancer or by promoting tumor growth. Mounting evidence indicates that autophagy and lipid metabolism are tightly interconnected.

CONCLUSION: Here, we discuss controversial findings of SCD1 as an autophagy inducer or inhibitor in cancer, highlighting how these activities may result in cancer promotion or inhibition depending upon the degree of cancer heterogeneity and plasticity.

© 2021. The Author(s).

Keywords: Autophagy; Lipid metabolism; cancer

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