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Mukhtar I, Iftikhar A, Imran M, et al. The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine. Dose Response. 2021;19(3):15593258211033111doi: 10.1177/15593258211033111.
Mukhtar, I., Iftikhar, A., Imran, M., Ijaz, M. U., Irfan, S., & Anwar, H. (2021). The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine. Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society, 19(3), 15593258211033111. https://doi.org/10.1177/15593258211033111
Mukhtar, Imran, et al. "The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine." Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society vol. 19,3 (2021): 15593258211033111. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/15593258211033111
Mukhtar I, Iftikhar A, Imran M, Ijaz MU, Irfan S, Anwar H. The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine. Dose Response. 2021 Aug 17;19(3):15593258211033111. doi: 10.1177/15593258211033111. eCollection 2021. PMID: 34421438; PMCID: PMC8375357.
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Dose Response. 2021 Aug 17;19(3):15593258211033111. doi: 10.1177/15593258211033111. eCollection 2021.

The Competitive Absorption by the Gut Microbiome Suggests the First-Order Absorption Kinetics of Caffeine.

Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society

Imran Mukhtar, Arslan Iftikhar, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Umar Ijaz, Shahzad Irfan, Haseeb Anwar

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
  2. Sir Sadiq Muhammad Khan Abbasi Post Graduate Medical College, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
  3. Department of Food Science, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
  4. Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.

PMID: 34421438 PMCID: PMC8375357 DOI: 10.1177/15593258211033111

Abstract

In the literature archive, the intestinal microbiome is now considered as a discrete organ system. Despite living symbiotically with the human body, the gut microbiome is represented as potential drug targets because of its ability to modify the pharmacokinetics of orally administered drugs. Structural biology analysis indicates the existence of homology between transport proteins of microbial cells and membranes of enterocytes. It is speculated that structural similarity in the protein transporters may provoke an unwanted phenomenon of drug uptake by the gut microbiome present in the small intestine of the host. Considering this hypothesis, we analyzed the absorbance of orally administered caffeine by the gut microbiota in

© The Author(s) 2021.

Keywords: caffeine; microbial lysate; microbiome; pharmacokinetics

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of conflicting interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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