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Scheller EL, Ehlmann BL. Composition, Stratigraphy, and Geological History of the Noachian Basement Surrounding the Isidis Impact Basin. J Geophys Res Planets. 2020;125(7):e2019JE006190doi: 10.1029/2019je006190.
Scheller, E. L., & Ehlmann, B. L. (2020). Composition, Stratigraphy, and Geological History of the Noachian Basement Surrounding the Isidis Impact Basin. Journal of geophysical research. Planets, 125(7), e2019JE006190. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019je006190
Scheller, Eva L, and Ehlmann, Bethany L. "Composition, Stratigraphy, and Geological History of the Noachian Basement Surrounding the Isidis Impact Basin." Journal of geophysical research. Planets vol. 125,7 (2020): e2019JE006190. doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019je006190
Scheller EL, Ehlmann BL. Composition, Stratigraphy, and Geological History of the Noachian Basement Surrounding the Isidis Impact Basin. J Geophys Res Planets. 2020 Jul;125(7):e2019JE006190. doi: 10.1029/2019je006190. Epub 2020 Mar 10. PMID: 34422533; PMCID: PMC8378244.
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J Geophys Res Planets. 2020 Jul;125(7):e2019JE006190. doi: 10.1029/2019je006190. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Composition, Stratigraphy, and Geological History of the Noachian Basement Surrounding the Isidis Impact Basin.

Journal of geophysical research. Planets

Eva L Scheller, Bethany L Ehlmann

Affiliations

  1. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
  2. Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.

PMID: 34422533 PMCID: PMC8378244 DOI: 10.1029/2019je006190

Abstract

The western part of the Isidis basin structure hosts a well-characterized Early Noachian to Amazonian stratigraphy. The Noachian Basement comprises its oldest exposed rocks (Early to Mid-Noachian) and was previously considered a single low-Ca pyroxenes (LCP)- and Fe/Mg-smectite-bearing unit. Here, we divide the Noachian Basement Group into five distinct geological units (Stratified Basement Unit, Blue Fractured Unit, Mixed Lithology Plains Unit, LCP-bearing Plateaus Unit, and Fe/Mg-smectite-bearing Mounds Unit), two geomorphological features (megabreccia and ridges), and a mineral deposit (kaolinite-bearing bright materials), based on geomorphology, spectral characteristics, and stratigraphic relationships. Megabreccia contain four different pre-Isidis lithologies, possibly including deeper crust or mantle materials, formed through mass wasting associated with transient crater collapse during Isidis basin formation. The Fe/Mg-smectite-bearing Stratified Basement Unit and LCP-bearing Blue Fractured Unit likewise represent pre-Isidis units within the Noachian Basement Group. Multiple Fe/Mg-smectite-bearing geological units with different stratigraphic positions and younger kaolinite-bearing bright materials indicate several aqueous alteration episodes of different ages and styles. Units with slight changes in pyroxene spectral properties suggest a transition from low-Ca pyroxene-containing materials to those with higher proportions of pyroxenes higher in Ca and/or glass that could be related to different impact and/or igneous processes, or provenance. This long history of Noachian and potentially Pre-Noachian geological processes, including impact basin formation, aqueous alteration, and multiple igneous and sedimentary petrogeneses, records changing ancient Mars environmental conditions. All units defined by this study are available 20 km outside of Jezero crater for in situ analysis and sampling during a potential extended mission scenario for the Mars 2020 rover.

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