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van Apeldoorn JAN, van der Linden EL, Bahendeka S, et al. C-reactive protein and hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study. J Hypertens. 2021;doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006.
van Apeldoorn, J. A. N., van der Linden, E. L., Bahendeka, S., Beune, E., Meeks, K. A. C., Klipstein-Grobusch, K., van den Born, B. J., & Agyemang, C. (2021). C-reactive protein and hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study. Journal of hypertension, . https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006
van Apeldoorn, Joshua A N, et al. "C-reactive protein and hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study." Journal of hypertension vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006
van Apeldoorn JAN, van der Linden EL, Bahendeka S, Beune E, Meeks KAC, Klipstein-Grobusch K, van den Born BJ, Agyemang C. C-reactive protein and hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study. J Hypertens. 2021 Sep 02; doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006. Epub 2021 Sep 02. PMID: 34478414.
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J Hypertens. 2021 Sep 02; doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006. Epub 2021 Sep 02.

C-reactive protein and hypertension among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants study.

Journal of hypertension

Joshua A N van Apeldoorn, Eva L van der Linden, Silver Bahendeka, Erik Beune, Karlijn A C Meeks, Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch, Bert-Jan van den Born, Charles Agyemang

Affiliations

  1. Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands MKPGMS-Uganda Martyrs University, Kampala, Uganda Center for Research on Genomics and Global Health, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA Julius Global Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

PMID: 34478414 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003006

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hypertension (HTN) is a growing public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and SSA migrants in Europe. Elevated levels of inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) have been linked to HTN but the relationship of CRP and HTN among SSA populations has not been studied. To address this knowledge gap, we studied the association between CRP and HTN in migrant and nonmigrant SSA populations residing in different settings.

METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the multicentre Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study were analysed including 5683 Ghanaians aged at least 18 years, residing in rural and urban Ghana, and Europe. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between high levels of CRP (≥3 mg/l) and HTN (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg and/or use of antihypertensive medication) per geographical site and sex.

RESULTS: The association between CRP levels and HTN varied by sex and geographical location. In age-adjusted models, there was an association between high CRP levels and HTN in urban-Ghanaian women (odds ratio 1.50, 95% confidence interval 1.10-2.03), and European-Ghanaian men (1.68, 1.16-2.43) and women (1.63, 1.28-2.07). However, these associations were attenuated after adjustment for conventional risk factors, especially BMI. No association was found in rural-Ghanaians or urban-Ghanaian men.

CONCLUSION: Our findings show an association between CRP and HTN among Ghanaian migrants and urban-Ghanaian women, however, this was largely explained by conventional risk factors. Thus, prevention of conventional risk factors, in particular obesity, may help to reduce the potentially low-grade inflammatory mechanism underlying HTN.

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