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Khan SU, Lone AN, Khan MS, et al. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021;38:100997doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997.
Khan, S. U., Lone, A. N., Khan, M. S., Virani, S. S., Blumenthal, R. S., Nasir, K., Miller, M., Michos, E. D., Ballantyne, C. M., Boden, W. E., & Bhatt, D. L. (2021). Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine, 38100997. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997
Khan, Safi U, et al. "Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis." EClinicalMedicine vol. 38 (2021): 100997. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997
Khan SU, Lone AN, Khan MS, Virani SS, Blumenthal RS, Nasir K, Miller M, Michos ED, Ballantyne CM, Boden WE, Bhatt DL. Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Jul 08;38:100997. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997. eCollection 2021 Aug. PMID: 34505026; PMCID: PMC8413259.
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EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Jul 08;38:100997. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997. eCollection 2021 Aug.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

EClinicalMedicine

Safi U Khan, Ahmad N Lone, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, Salim S Virani, Roger S Blumenthal, Khurram Nasir, Michael Miller, Erin D Michos, Christie M Ballantyne, William E Boden, Deepak L Bhatt

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States.
  2. Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States.
  3. Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affair Medical Center & Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
  4. Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
  5. Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
  6. Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, United States.
  7. Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, United States.
  8. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States.
  9. VA New England Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States.
  10. Brigham and Women's Hospital Heart and Vascular Center, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, United States.

PMID: 34505026 PMCID: PMC8413259 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100997

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The effects of omega-3 fatty acids (FAs), such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, on cardiovascular outcomes are uncertain. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of omega-3 FAs on fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular outcomes and examine the potential variability in EPA vs. EPA+DHA treatment effects.

METHODS: We searched EMBASE, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane library databases through June 7, 2021. We performed a meta-analysis of 38 randomized controlled trials of omega-3 FAs, stratified by EPA monotherapy and EPA+DHA therapy. We estimated random-effects rate ratios (RRs) with (95% confidence intervals) and rated the certainty of evidence using GRADE. The key outcomes of interest were cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal cardiovascular outcomes, bleeding, and atrial fibrillation (AF). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021227580).

FINDINGS: In 149,051 participants, omega-3 FA was associated with reducing cardiovascular mortality (RR, 0.93 [0.88-0.98];

INTERPRETATION: Omega-3 FAs reduced cardiovascular mortality and improved cardiovascular outcomes. The cardiovascular risk reduction was more prominent with EPA monotherapy than with EPA+DHA.

FUNDING: None.

© 2021 The Author(s).

Keywords: Docosahexaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Meta-analysis; Omega-3 fatty acid

Conflict of interest statement

Dr. Deepak L. Bhatt reports grants from Amarin, grants from AstraZeneca, grants from Bristol-Myers Squibb, grants from Eisai, grants from Ethicon, grants from Medtronic, grants from Sanofi Aventis, gr

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