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Respir Med. 2021 Oct 05;189:106639. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106639. Epub 2021 Oct 05.

Impact of long-acting muscarinic antagonists on small airways in asthma and COPD: A systematic review.

Respiratory medicine

Paola Rogliani, Beatrice Ludovica Ritondo, Ermanno Puxeddu, Mario Cazzola, Luigino Calzetta

Affiliations

  1. Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
  3. Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.

PMID: 34628125 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2021.106639

Abstract

Small airway disease is recognized as a cardinal pathological process of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and recently small airways have been recognized as a major site of airflow obstruction also in asthmatic patients. The transversal involvement of small airways in COPD and asthma has warranted research efforts to identify therapeutic strategies able to unlock the small airway compartment. The mainstay of COPD treatment is represented by long-acting β

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: COPD; Drug deposition; LAMA; Respimat; SAD; Small airways; Tiotropium

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