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Mekonnen D, Derbie A, Mihret A, et al. Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review. Lipids Health Dis. 2021;20(1):129doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5.
Mekonnen, D., Derbie, A., Mihret, A., Yimer, S. A., Tønjum, T., Gelaw, B., Nibret, E., Munshae, A., Waddell, S. J., & Aseffa, A. (2021). Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review. Lipids in health and disease, 20(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5
Mekonnen, Daniel, et al. "Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review." Lipids in health and disease vol. 20,1 (2021): 129. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5
Mekonnen D, Derbie A, Mihret A, Yimer SA, Tønjum T, Gelaw B, Nibret E, Munshae A, Waddell SJ, Aseffa A. Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review. Lipids Health Dis. 2021 Oct 03;20(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5. PMID: 34602073; PMCID: PMC8487580.
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Lipids Health Dis. 2021 Oct 03;20(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5.

Lipid droplets and the transcriptome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from direct sputa: a literature review.

Lipids in health and disease

Daniel Mekonnen, Awoke Derbie, Adane Mihret, Solomon Abebe Yimer, Tone Tønjum, Baye Gelaw, Endalkachew Nibret, Abaineh Munshae, Simon J Waddell, Abraham Aseffa

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. [email protected].
  2. Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. [email protected].
  3. Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
  4. Institute of Biotechnology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
  5. The Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  6. Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Jimma Road, ALERT Compound, PO Box 1005, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  7. Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  8. Department of Microbiology, University of Oslo, PO Box 1071, Blindern, NO-0316, Oslo, Norway.
  9. Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations, CEPI, P.O. Box 123, Torshov, 0412, Oslo, Norway.
  10. Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, NO-0424, Oslo, Norway.
  11. Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
  12. Department of Biology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
  13. Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9PX, UK.

PMID: 34602073 PMCID: PMC8487580 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-021-01550-5

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the main etiology of tuberculosis (TB), is predominantly an intracellular pathogen that has caused infection, disease and death in humans for centuries. Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic intracellular organelles that are found across the evolutionary tree of life. This review is an evaluation of the current state of knowledge regarding Mtb-LD formation and associated Mtb transcriptome directly from sputa.Based on the LD content, Mtb in sputum may be classified into three groups: LD positive, LD negative and LD borderline. However, the clinical and evolutionary importance of each state is not well elaborated. Mounting evidence supports the view that the presence of LD positive Mtb bacilli in sputum is a biomarker of slow growth, low energy state, towards lipid degradation, and drug tolerance. In Mtb, LD may serve as a source of chemical energy, scavenger of toxic compounds, prevent destruction of Mtb through autophagy, delay trafficking of lysosomes towards the phagosome, and contribute to Mtb persistence. It is suggest that LD is a key player in the induction of a spectrum of phenotypic and metabolic states of Mtb in the macrophage, granuloma and extracellular sputum microenvironment. Tuberculosis patients with high proportion of LD positive Mtb in pretreatment sputum was associated with higher rate of poor treatment outcome, indicating that LD may have a clinical application in predicting treatment outcome.The propensity for LD formation among Mtb lineages is largely unknown. The role of LD on Mtb transmission and disease phenotype (pulmonary TB vs extra-pulmonary TB) is not well understood. Thus, further studies are needed to understand the relationships between LD positivity and Mtb lineage, Mtb transmission and clinical types.

© 2021. The Author(s).

Keywords: Host-pathogen interaction; Lineage; Lipid droplet; Mycobacterium; Sputum; Transcriptome; Transmission; Treatment outcome; Tuberculosis

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