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Quinn HE, Comeau JL, Marshall HS, et al. Pertussis Disease and Antenatal Vaccine Effectiveness in Australian Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021;doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003367.
Quinn, H. E., Comeau, J. L., Marshall, H. S., Elliott, E. J., Crawford, N. W., Blyth, C. C., Kynaston, J. A., Snelling, T. L., Richmond, P. C., Francis, J. R., Macartney, K. K., McIntyre, P. B., & Wood, N. J. (2021). Pertussis Disease and Antenatal Vaccine Effectiveness in Australian Children. The Pediatric infectious disease journal, . https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003367
Quinn, Helen E, et al. "Pertussis Disease and Antenatal Vaccine Effectiveness in Australian Children." The Pediatric infectious disease journal vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000003367
Quinn HE, Comeau JL, Marshall HS, Elliott EJ, Crawford NW, Blyth CC, Kynaston JA, Snelling TL, Richmond PC, Francis JR, Macartney KK, McIntyre PB, Wood NJ. Pertussis Disease and Antenatal Vaccine Effectiveness in Australian Children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Oct 26; doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003367. Epub 2021 Oct 26. PMID: 34711785.
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Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Oct 26; doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003367. Epub 2021 Oct 26.

Pertussis Disease and Antenatal Vaccine Effectiveness in Australian Children.

The Pediatric infectious disease journal

Helen E Quinn, Jeannette L Comeau, Helen S Marshall, Elizabeth J Elliott, Nigel W Crawford, Christopher C Blyth, Jennifer A Kynaston, Tom L Snelling, Peter C Richmond, Joshua R Francis, Kristine K Macartney, Peter B McIntyre, Nicholas J Wood

Affiliations

  1. From the *National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Australian Paediatric Surveillance Unit (APSU), Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute and The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Wesfarmer's Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; Global & Tropical Health Division, Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia; and Department of Womens and Childrens Health. University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

PMID: 34711785 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000003367

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Population-level studies of severe pertussis extending beyond infancy are sparse, and none in the context of antenatal vaccination. We compared hospitalized pertussis cases from birth to 15 years of age before and after introduction of antenatal immunization.

METHODS: Active surveillance of laboratory-confirmed pertussis hospitalizations in a national network of pediatric hospitals in Australia January 2012 to June 2019. Impact of maternal vaccination was assessed by vaccine effectiveness (VE) in cases and test-negative controls with <2 months of age and by before-after comparison of age distribution of cases. Among cases eligible for one or more vaccine doses, we examined proportions age-appropriately immunized and with comorbidities by age group.

RESULTS: Among 419 eligible cases, the proportion <2 months of age significantly decreased from 33.1% in 2012 to 2014 compared with 19.6% in 2016 to 2019 when mothers of only 4 of 17 (23.5%) cases <2 months of age had received antenatal vaccination. VE was estimated to be 84.3% (95% CI, 26.1-96.7). Across all years (2012-2019), of 55 cases 4-11 months of age, 21 (38%) had ≥2 vaccine doses, whereas among 155 cases ≥12 months of age, 122 (85.2%) had ≥3 vaccine doses. Prevalence of comorbidities (primarily cardiorespiratory) increased from 5 (2.1%) <6 months of age to 36 (24.2%) ≥12 months of age (P < 0.001), with 6/16 (38%) cases ≥12 months of age who required intensive care having comorbidities.

CONCLUSIONS: Below the age of 12 months, prevention of severe pertussis will be maximized by high maternal antenatal vaccine uptake and timeliness of infant vaccine doses. Despite full immunization, we found children ≥12 months of age accounted for 27% of hospitalizations <15 years, with 24% having comorbities, suggesting new vaccine strategies, such as additional doses or more immunogenic vaccines, require evaluation.

Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Conflict of interest statement

H.S.M. is an investigator on clinical vaccine trials supported by industry. Her employing institution receives funding from GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi-Pasteur for investigator led research. H.S.M. receives n

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