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Commun Biol. 2021 Nov 18;4(1):1307. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02817-4.

Whole-genome sequence analysis unveils different origins of European and Asiatic mouflon and domestication-related genes in sheep.

Communications biology

Ze-Hui Chen, Ya-Xi Xu, Xing-Long Xie, Dong-Feng Wang, Diana Aguilar-Gómez, Guang-Jian Liu, Xin Li, Ali Esmailizadeh, Vahideh Rezaei, Juha Kantanen, Innokentyi Ammosov, Maryam Nosrati, Kathiravan Periasamy, David W Coltman, Johannes A Lenstra, Rasmus Nielsen, Meng-Hua Li

Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.
  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (UCAS), Beijing, China.
  3. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
  4. Center for Computational Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
  5. Novogene Co., Ltd, Tianjin, China.
  6. Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
  7. Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Jokioinen, Finland.
  8. Laboratory of Reindeer Husbandry and Traditional Industries, Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, The Sakha Republic (Yakutia), Yakutsk, Russia.
  9. Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran.
  10. Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria.
  11. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G2E9, Canada.
  12. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  13. Department of Integrative Biology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. [email protected].
  14. Department of Statistics, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94707, USA. [email protected].
  15. Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1350, København K, Denmark. [email protected].
  16. College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. [email protected].

PMID: 34795381 PMCID: PMC8602413 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02817-4

Abstract

The domestication and subsequent development of sheep are crucial events in the history of human civilization and the agricultural revolution. However, the impact of interspecific introgression on the genomic regions under domestication and subsequent selection remains unclear. Here, we analyze the whole genomes of domestic sheep and their wild relative species. We found introgression from wild sheep such as the snow sheep and its American relatives (bighorn and thinhorn sheep) into urial, Asiatic and European mouflons. We observed independent events of adaptive introgression from wild sheep into the Asiatic and European mouflons, as well as shared introgressed regions from both snow sheep and argali into Asiatic mouflon before or during the domestication process. We revealed European mouflons might arise through hybridization events between a now extinct sheep in Europe and feral domesticated sheep around 6000-5000 years BP. We also unveiled later introgressions from wild sheep to their sympatric domestic sheep after domestication. Several of the introgression events contain loci with candidate domestication genes (e.g., PAPPA2, NR6A1, SH3GL3, RFX3 and CAMK4), associated with morphological, immune, reproduction or production traits (wool/meat/milk). We also detected introgression events that introduced genes related to nervous response (NEURL1), neurogenesis (PRUNE2), hearing ability (USH2A), and placental viability (PAG11 and PAG3) into domestic sheep and their ancestral wild species from other wild species.

© 2021. The Author(s).

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