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Vinci P, Panizon E, Tosoni LM, et al. Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22(21)doi: 10.3390/ijms222111687.
Vinci, P., Panizon, E., Tosoni, L. M., Cerrato, C., Pellicori, F., Mearelli, F., Biasinutto, C., Fiotti, N., Di Girolamo, F. G., & Biolo, G. (2021). Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy. International journal of molecular sciences, 22(21), . https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111687
Vinci, Pierandrea, et al. "Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy." International journal of molecular sciences vol. 22,21 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111687
Vinci P, Panizon E, Tosoni LM, Cerrato C, Pellicori F, Mearelli F, Biasinutto C, Fiotti N, Di Girolamo FG, Biolo G. Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21). doi: 10.3390/ijms222111687. PMID: 34769118; PMCID: PMC8583847.
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Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Oct 28;22(21). doi: 10.3390/ijms222111687.

Statin-Associated Myopathy: Emphasis on Mechanisms and Targeted Therapy.

International journal of molecular sciences

Pierandrea Vinci, Emiliano Panizon, Letizia Maria Tosoni, Carla Cerrato, Federica Pellicori, Filippo Mearelli, Chiara Biasinutto, Nicola Fiotti, Filippo Giorgio Di Girolamo, Gianni Biolo

Affiliations

  1. Clinica Medica, Cattinara Hospital, Department of Medical Surgical ad Health Science, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
  2. SC Assistenza Farmaceutica, Cattinara Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata di Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy.

PMID: 34769118 PMCID: PMC8583847 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111687

Abstract

Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Statins are the first-choice therapy for dyslipidemias and are considered the cornerstone of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in both primary and secondary prevention. Despite the statin-therapy-mediated positive effects on cardiovascular events, patient compliance is often poor. Statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) are the most common side effect associated with treatment discontinuation. SAMS, which range from mild-to-moderate muscle pain, weakness, or fatigue to potentially life-threatening rhabdomyolysis, are reported by 10% to 25% of patients receiving statin therapy. There are many risk factors associated with patient features and hypolipidemic agents that seem to increase the risk of developing SAMS. Due to the lack of a "gold standard", the diagnostic test for SAMS is based on a clinical criteria score, which is independent of creatine kinase (CK) elevation. Mechanisms that underlie the pathogenesis of SAMS remain almost unclear, though a high number of risk factors may increase the probability of myotoxicity induced by statin therapy. Some of these, related to pharmacokinetic properties of statins and to concomitant therapies or patient characteristics, may affect statin bioavailability and increase vulnerability to high-dose statins.

Keywords: SAMS management; SAMS mechanisms; statin myopathy

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