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Zhou Y, Si K, Li H, et al. Geographic and socio-demographic determinants of plasma retinol concentrations in Chinese pregnant and lactating women. Eur J Nutr. 2021;doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x.
Zhou, Y., Si, K., Li, H., Li, X., Tanumihardjo, S. A., & Liu, J. (2021). Geographic and socio-demographic determinants of plasma retinol concentrations in Chinese pregnant and lactating women. European journal of nutrition, . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x
Zhou, Yubo, et al. "Geographic and socio-demographic determinants of plasma retinol concentrations in Chinese pregnant and lactating women." European journal of nutrition vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x
Zhou Y, Si K, Li H, Li X, Tanumihardjo SA, Liu J. Geographic and socio-demographic determinants of plasma retinol concentrations in Chinese pregnant and lactating women. Eur J Nutr. 2021 Dec 03; doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x. Epub 2021 Dec 03. PMID: 34860270.
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Eur J Nutr. 2021 Dec 03; doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x. Epub 2021 Dec 03.

Geographic and socio-demographic determinants of plasma retinol concentrations in Chinese pregnant and lactating women.

European journal of nutrition

Yubo Zhou, Keyi Si, Hongtian Li, Xiucui Li, Sherry A Tanumihardjo, Jianmeng Liu

Affiliations

  1. Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/ National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
  2. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
  3. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
  4. Institute of Reproductive and Child Health/ National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38 Xueyuan Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China. [email protected].
  5. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China. [email protected].

PMID: 34860270 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02759-x

Abstract

PURPOSE: To examine plasma retinol status and its determinants in Chinese pregnant or lactating women.

METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 1211 healthy women in mid-pregnancy, late pregnancy, or lactation was conducted in northern, central, and southern China. Plasma retinol concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Multivariate quantile regression or modified Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted medians, or to examine the associations of suboptimal retinol concentration (< 1.05 µmol/L) with various factors.

RESULTS: The overall median (interquartile range) retinol concentration was 1.25 (1.06-1.46) µmol/L. The adjusted concentration was higher in women at lactation (1.39 [1.20-1.63] µmol/L) and mid-pregnancy (1.26 [1.10-1.44] µmol/L) than late pregnancy (1.07 [0.92-1.28] µmol/L), and higher in women in the central area (1.34 [1.18-1.49] µmol/L) and the north (1.26 [1.10-1.43] µmol/L) than the south (1.19 [1.07-1.31] µmol/L). The retinol concentration was more likely to be low in women with lower pre-pregnancy BMI, younger age, less education, and in lactating women who had a caesarean birth or were breastfeeding exclusively. A total of 290 (24.0%) women had a suboptimal retinol concentration, and the prevalence was higher in women at late pregnancy, residing in the south, with younger age, and having underweight pre-pregnancy.

CONCLUSION: About one-fourth of pregnant or lactating women in China had suboptimal retinol concentrations that varied with phases of pregnancy and lactation, region of residence, and socio-demographic characteristics, indicating a need for population-specific public health strategies to optimize vitamin A status.

© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.

Keywords: Determinants; Lactating women; Pregnant women; Retinol; Vitamin A

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