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Gebremichael MA, Gurara MK, Weldehawaryat HN, et al. Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:8659372doi: 10.1155/2021/8659372.
Gebremichael, M. A., Gurara, M. K., Weldehawaryat, H. N., Mengesha, M. M., & Berbada, D. A. (2021). Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. BioMed research international, 20218659372. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8659372
Gebremichael, Mathewos Alemu, et al. "Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study." BioMed research international vol. 2021 (2021): 8659372. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8659372
Gebremichael MA, Gurara MK, Weldehawaryat HN, Mengesha MM, Berbada DA. Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study. Biomed Res Int. 2021 Nov 11;2021:8659372. doi: 10.1155/2021/8659372. eCollection 2021. PMID: 34805406; PMCID: PMC8601861.
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Biomed Res Int. 2021 Nov 11;2021:8659372. doi: 10.1155/2021/8659372. eCollection 2021.

Predictors of Loss to Follow-Up among HIV-Infected Adults after Initiation of the First-Line Antiretroviral Therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia: A 5-Year Retrospective Cohort Study.

BioMed research international

Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael, Mekdes Kondale Gurara, Haymanot Nigussie Weldehawaryat, Melkamu Merid Mengesha, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada

Affiliations

  1. School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, P.O. Box: 021, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.

PMID: 34805406 PMCID: PMC8601861 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8659372

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) from antiretroviral therapy (ART) reduces treatment benefits and leads to treatment failure. Hence, this study was aimed at determining the incidence of loss to follow-up and predictors among HIV-infected adults who began first-line antiretroviral therapy at Arba Minch General Hospital.

METHODS: We carried out an institutional-based retrospective cohort study, and data were collected from the charts of 508 patients who were selected using a simple random sampling technique. All the data management and statistical analyses were conducted using STATA version 14. Cumulative survival probability was estimated and presented in the life table, and the Kaplan-Meir survival curves were compared using the log-rank test. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the independent predictors.

RESULTS: We followed 508 patients for 871.9 person-years. A total of 46 (9.1%) experienced loss to follow-up, yielding an overall incidence rate of 5.3 (95% CI: 3.9-7.1) per 100 person-years. The cumulative survival probability was 90%, 88%, 86%, and 86% at the end of one, two, three, and four years, respectively. The predictors identified were age less than 35 years (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.92-4.00)), rural residence (aHR = 1.98; 95% CI: 1.02-3.83), baseline body weight greater than 60 kilograms (aHR = 2.19; 95% CI: 1.11-4.37), a fair level of adherence (aHR = 11.5; 95% CI: 2.10-61.10), and a poor level of adherence (aHR = 12.03; 95% CI: 5.4-26.7).

CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the incidence rate of loss to follow-up was low. Younger adults below the age of 35 years, living in rural areas, with a baseline weight greater than 60 kilograms, which had a fair and poor adherence level were more likely to be lost from treatment. Therefore, health professionals working in ART clinics and potential stakeholders in HIV/AIDS care and treatment should consider adult patients with these characteristics to prevent LTFU.

Copyright © 2021 Mathewos Alemu Gebremichael et al.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

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