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World J Stem Cells. 2021 Oct 26;13(10):1417-1445. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1417.

SOX transcription factors and glioma stem cells: Choosing between stemness and differentiation.

World journal of stem cells

Milena Stevanovic, Natasa Kovacevic-Grujicic, Marija Mojsin, Milena Milivojevic, Danijela Drakulic

Affiliations

  1. Laboratory for Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11042, Serbia.

PMID: 34786152 PMCID: PMC8567447 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i10.1417

Abstract

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common, most aggressive and deadliest brain tumor. Recently, remarkable progress has been made towards understanding the cellular and molecular biology of gliomas. GBM tumor initiation, progression and relapse as well as resistance to treatments are associated with glioma stem cells (GSCs). GSCs exhibit a high proliferation rate and self-renewal capacity and the ability to differentiate into diverse cell types, generating a range of distinct cell types within the tumor, leading to cellular heterogeneity. GBM tumors may contain different subsets of GSCs, and some of them may adopt a quiescent state that protects them against chemotherapy and radiotherapy. GSCs enriched in recurrent gliomas acquire more aggressive and therapy-resistant properties, making them more malignant, able to rapidly spread. The impact of SOX transcription factors (TFs) on brain tumors has been extensively studied in the last decade. Almost all

©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Differentiation; Glioblastoma; Glioma stem cells; SOX transcription factors; Stemness

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest for this article.

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