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Seitz J, Trinh S, Kogel V, et al. Brain Volume Loss, Astrocyte Reduction, and Inflammation in Anorexia Nervosa. Adv Neurobiol. 2021;26:283-313doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12.
Seitz, J., Trinh, S., Kogel, V., & Beyer, C. (2021). Brain Volume Loss, Astrocyte Reduction, and Inflammation in Anorexia Nervosa. Advances in neurobiology, 26283-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12
Seitz, Jochen, et al. "Brain Volume Loss, Astrocyte Reduction, and Inflammation in Anorexia Nervosa." Advances in neurobiology vol. 26 (2021): 283-313. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12
Seitz J, Trinh S, Kogel V, Beyer C. Brain Volume Loss, Astrocyte Reduction, and Inflammation in Anorexia Nervosa. Adv Neurobiol. 2021;26:283-313. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12. PMID: 34888839.
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Adv Neurobiol. 2021;26:283-313. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12.

Brain Volume Loss, Astrocyte Reduction, and Inflammation in Anorexia Nervosa.

Advances in neurobiology

Jochen Seitz, Stefanie Trinh, Vanessa Kogel, Cordian Beyer

Affiliations

  1. Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany. [email protected].
  2. Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.

PMID: 34888839 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77375-5_12

Abstract

Anorexia nervosa is the third most common chronic disease in adolescence and is characterized by low body weight, body image distortion, weight phobia, and severe somatic consequences. Among the latter, marked brain volume reduction has been linked to astrocyte cell count reduction of about 50% in gray and white matter, while neuronal and other glial cell counts remain normal. Exact underlying mechanisms remain elusive; however, first results point to important roles of the catabolic state and the very low gonadal steroid hormones in these patients. They also appear to involve inflammatory states of "hungry astrocytes" and interactions with the gut microbiota. Functional impairments could affect the role of astrocytes in supporting neurons metabolically, neurotransmitter reuptake, and synapse formation, among others. These could be implicated in reduced learning, mood alterations, and sleep disturbances often seen in patients with AN and help explain their rigidity and difficulties in relearning processes in psychotherapy during starvation.

© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Keywords: Activated astrocytes; Activity-based anorexia; Anorexia nervosa; Astrocyte cell count; Brain volume reduction; Gonadal steroid hormone reduction; Gut-brain axis; Inflammation; Microbiota; Neurocognitive deficits

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