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Hassan S, Barrett CJ, Crossman DJ. Imaging tools for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in humans: the need for greater detail. Biophys Rev. 2020;12(4):969-987doi: 10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w.
Hassan, S., Barrett, C. J., & Crossman, D. J. (2020). Imaging tools for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in humans: the need for greater detail. Biophysical reviews, 12(4), 969-987. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w
Hassan, Summer, et al. "Imaging tools for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in humans: the need for greater detail." Biophysical reviews vol. 12,4 (2020): 969-987. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w
Hassan S, Barrett CJ, Crossman DJ. Imaging tools for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in humans: the need for greater detail. Biophys Rev. 2020 Aug;12(4):969-987. doi: 10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w. Epub 2020 Jul 23. PMID: 32705483; PMCID: PMC7429810.
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Biophys Rev. 2020 Aug;12(4):969-987. doi: 10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w. Epub 2020 Jul 23.

Imaging tools for assessment of myocardial fibrosis in humans: the need for greater detail.

Biophysical reviews

Summer Hassan, Carolyn J Barrett, David J Crossman

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
  2. Auckland City Hospital, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.
  3. Department of Physiology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. [email protected].

PMID: 32705483 PMCID: PMC7429810 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-020-00738-w

Abstract

Myocardial fibrosis is recognized as a key pathological process in the development of cardiac disease and a target for future therapeutics. Despite this recognition, the assessment of fibrosis is not a part of routine clinical practice. This is primarily due to the difficulties in obtaining an accurate assessment of fibrosis non-invasively. Moreover, there is a clear discrepancy between the understandings of myocardial fibrosis clinically where fibrosis is predominately studied with comparatively low-resolution medical imaging technologies like MRI compared with the basic science laboratories where fibrosis can be visualized invasively with high resolution using molecularly specific fluorescence microscopes at the microscopic and nanoscopic scales. In this article, we will first review current medical imaging technologies for assessing fibrosis including echo and MRI. We will then highlight the need for greater microscopic and nanoscopic analysis of human tissue and how this can be addressed through greater utilization of human tissue available through endomyocardial biopsies and cardiac surgeries. We will then describe the relatively new field of molecular imaging that promises to translate research findings to the clinical practice by non-invasively monitoring the molecular signature of fibrosis in patients.

Keywords: Confocal; Echocardiography; Endomyocardial biopsy; Histology; Magnetic resonance; Molecular imaging; Myocardial fibrosis; Super resolution

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