Display options
Cite
Panagopoulos I, Heim S. Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2021;18(3):167-196doi: 10.21873/cgp.20251.
Panagopoulos, I., & Heim, S. (2021). Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes. Cancer genomics & proteomics, 18(3), 167-196. https://doi.org/10.21873/cgp.20251
Panagopoulos, Ioannis, and Heim, Sverre. "Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes." Cancer genomics & proteomics vol. 18,3 (2021): 167-196. doi: https://doi.org/10.21873/cgp.20251
Panagopoulos I, Heim S. Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2021 May-Jun;18(3):167-196. doi: 10.21873/cgp.20251. PMID: 33893073; PMCID: PMC8126330.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2021 May-Jun;18(3):167-196. doi: 10.21873/cgp.20251.

Interstitial Deletions Generating Fusion Genes.

Cancer genomics & proteomics

Ioannis Panagopoulos, Sverre Heim

Affiliations

  1. Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; [email protected].
  2. Section for Cancer Cytogenetics, Institute for Cancer Genetics and Informatics, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
  3. Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

PMID: 33893073 PMCID: PMC8126330 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20251

Abstract

A fusion gene is the physical juxtaposition of two different genes resulting in a structure consisting of the head of one gene and the tail of the other. Gene fusion is often a primary neoplasia-inducing event in leukemias, lymphomas, solid malignancies as well as benign tumors. Knowledge about fusion genes is crucial not only for our understanding of tumorigenesis, but also for the diagnosis, prognostication, and treatment of cancer. Balanced chromosomal rearrangements, in particular translocations and inversions, are the most frequent genetic events leading to the generation of fusion genes. In the present review, we summarize the existing knowledge on chromosome deletions as a mechanism for fusion gene formation. Such deletions are mostly submicroscopic and, hence, not detected by cytogenetic analyses but by array comparative genome hybridization (aCGH) and/or high throughput sequencing (HTS). They are found across the genome in a variety of neoplasias. As tumors are increasingly analyzed using aCGH and HTS, it is likely that more interstitial deletions giving rise to fusion genes will be found, significantly impacting our understanding and treatment of cancer.

Copyright© 2021, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

Keywords: Interstitial deletion; chromosome; cytogenetics; fusion gene; review

References

  1. Histol Histopathol. 2011 Jul;26(7):915-21 - PubMed
  2. Lung Cancer. 2019 Sep;135:88-91 - PubMed
  3. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2017 Aug;64(8): - PubMed
  4. BMC Genomics. 2013 Nov 22;14:818 - PubMed
  5. Genomics. 2000 Jun 1;66(2):195-203 - PubMed
  6. Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 17;7:44653 - PubMed
  7. Genomics. 1997 Sep 15;44(3):309-20 - PubMed
  8. Oncogene Res. 1989;5(2):91-100 - PubMed
  9. Cell Rep. 2018 Apr 3;23(1):227-238.e3 - PubMed
  10. Cancer Genet. 2013 Jan-Feb;206(1-2):1-11 - PubMed
  11. PLoS One. 2010 Oct 12;5(10):e13284 - PubMed
  12. N Engl J Med. 2003 Mar 27;348(13):1201-14 - PubMed
  13. Nat Commun. 2019 Mar 27;10(1):1388 - PubMed
  14. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Dec 11;99(50):e23569 - PubMed
  15. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2017 Apr 27;1(1):111-116 - PubMed
  16. Immunol Rev. 2019 May;289(1):158-172 - PubMed
  17. Oncol Lett. 2016 Apr;11(4):2644-2650 - PubMed
  18. Gene. 2018 Jul 30;665:6-17 - PubMed
  19. J Exp Med. 2015 Dec 14;212(13):2213-22 - PubMed
  20. Future Oncol. 2016 Aug;12(16):1911-28 - PubMed
  21. EMBO J. 1996 Jul 15;15(14):3667-75 - PubMed
  22. Oncotarget. 2017 Oct 26;8(57):96466-96467 - PubMed
  23. Prostate. 2011 Apr;71(5):489-97 - PubMed
  24. Cancer Res. 2005 Jun 1;65(11):4544-53 - PubMed
  25. Am J Med Genet A. 2010 Feb;152A(2):319-26 - PubMed
  26. J Mol Diagn. 2019 Jul;21(4):553-571 - PubMed
  27. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2016 Feb 12;470(3):759-765 - PubMed
  28. Cell. 2001 Jan 12;104(1):119-30 - PubMed
  29. J Cell Sci. 2019 Aug 15;132(16): - PubMed
  30. Int J Oncol. 1996 Apr;8(4):713-8 - PubMed
  31. Nat Commun. 2018 Jun 18;9(1):2378 - PubMed
  32. Nat Genet. 2004 Apr;36(4):331-4 - PubMed
  33. Onco Targets Ther. 2020 Dec 04;13:12515-12519 - PubMed
  34. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Jul 1;24(13):3059-3068 - PubMed
  35. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3116 - PubMed
  36. Cancer Res. 1999 Feb 15;59(4):918-23 - PubMed
  37. Nat Commun. 2017 Jul 11;8:15987 - PubMed
  38. Biol Reprod. 2015 Mar;92(3):71 - PubMed
  39. Symp Fundam Cancer Res. 1986;39:115-9 - PubMed
  40. Oncogene. 2008 May 8;27(21):3072-80 - PubMed
  41. Cancers (Basel). 2019 Aug 16;11(8): - PubMed
  42. Future Oncol. 2016 Jan;12(1):71-81 - PubMed
  43. Cancer Res. 2017 Nov 15;77(22):6157-6167 - PubMed
  44. Lung Cancer. 2020 Aug;146:370-372 - PubMed
  45. Neuro Oncol. 2020 Jun 9;22(6):819-829 - PubMed
  46. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jan 9;115(2):373-378 - PubMed
  47. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015 Nov 12;108(1): - PubMed
  48. J Adv Pract Oncol. 2018 Jan-Feb;9(1):94-101 - PubMed
  49. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2019 Dec 1;78(12):1089-1099 - PubMed
  50. Cancer Res. 2009 Apr 1;69(7):2734-8 - PubMed
  51. Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 2;7(1):12510 - PubMed
  52. Int J Hematol Oncol. 2013 Jun 1;2(3):207-217 - PubMed
  53. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2015;24(11):1493-500 - PubMed
  54. Oncol Rep. 2013 Nov;30(5):2011-9 - PubMed
  55. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2009 Dec;1796(2):201-15 - PubMed
  56. Oncogene. 1999 May 13;18(19):3017-33 - PubMed
  57. Oncotarget. 2018 Nov 9;9(88):35809-35812 - PubMed
  58. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2006 Nov;63(22):2560-70 - PubMed
  59. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Feb 4;100(3):916-21 - PubMed
  60. Cytogenet Genome Res. 2019;159(2):81-87 - PubMed
  61. Mech Dev. 1999 Jul;85(1-2):173-7 - PubMed
  62. Biomolecules. 2020 Nov 07;10(11): - PubMed
  63. Br J Haematol. 2002 Mar;116(4):744-57 - PubMed
  64. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2020 May-Jun;17(3):237-248 - PubMed
  65. Mod Pathol. 2019 May;32(5):609-620 - PubMed
  66. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Aug;6(8):3000-4 - PubMed
  67. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Mar 9;281(4):878-83 - PubMed
  68. Front Biosci (Elite Ed). 2016 Jan 01;8:46-60 - PubMed
  69. Hum Pathol. 2018 Nov;81:255-260 - PubMed
  70. Nat Genet. 2013 Jun;45(6):602-12 - PubMed
  71. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 19;9(3):e91940 - PubMed
  72. J Mol Diagn. 2020 Oct;22(10):1238-1245 - PubMed
  73. Oncogene. 1992 Apr;7(4):795-9 - PubMed
  74. Lancet Oncol. 2018 Apr;19(4):e187 - PubMed
  75. J Thorac Oncol. 2017 Nov;12(11):1611-1625 - PubMed
  76. Nature. 1994 Nov 10;372(6502):143-9 - PubMed
  77. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1044:135-148 - PubMed
  78. Nature. 1986 Oct 16-22;323(6089):643-6 - PubMed
  79. Pathol Int. 2012 Dec;62(12):823-6 - PubMed
  80. Annu Rev Genet. 1998;32:495-519 - PubMed
  81. Nat Genet. 2011 Sep 04;43(10):964-968 - PubMed
  82. PLoS Genet. 2015 Aug 21;11(8):e1005467 - PubMed
  83. Semin Cancer Biol. 1993 Dec;4(6):387-99 - PubMed
  84. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2017 Oct;56(10):730-749 - PubMed
  85. Leuk Lymphoma. 2017 Feb;58(2):489-493 - PubMed
  86. Haematologica. 2008 Nov;93(11):1658-65 - PubMed
  87. J Immunol. 2001 Jul 1;167(1):336-43 - PubMed
  88. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2019 Oct;94(5):1774-1785 - PubMed
  89. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2019 Sep;58(9):607-611 - PubMed
  90. Acta Neuropathol. 2011 Jun;121(6):763-74 - PubMed
  91. Oncogene. 2003 Jun 12;22(24):3792-8 - PubMed
  92. Oncogene. 2004 Jan 8;23(1):179-91 - PubMed
  93. PLoS One. 2014 Mar 07;9(3):e91264 - PubMed
  94. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2021 Jan-Feb;18(1):67-81 - PubMed
  95. Int J Hematol. 2021 Feb;113(2):285-289 - PubMed
  96. J Oncol Pharm Pract. 2020 Dec;26(8):2015-2019 - PubMed
  97. Haematologica. 2010 Jan;95(1):79-86 - PubMed
  98. Oncol Lett. 2014 Oct;8(4):1608-1612 - PubMed
  99. Nat Genet. 2013 Oct;45(10):1141-9 - PubMed
  100. Cancer Genet. 2019 Feb;231-232:1-13 - PubMed
  101. Cancer Cell. 2012 Aug 14;22(2):153-66 - PubMed
  102. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 15;24(24):6471-6482 - PubMed
  103. Blood. 1989 May 1;73(6):1444-51 - PubMed
  104. Stem Cells. 2020 Nov;38(11):1366-1374 - PubMed
  105. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol. 2015 Dec;11(4):293-8 - PubMed
  106. Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Dec 1;24(23):5807-5814 - PubMed
  107. Endocr Rev. 2016 Jun;37(3):254-77 - PubMed
  108. Cancer Discov. 2012 Jul;2(7):598-607 - PubMed
  109. Clin Cancer Res. 2021 Feb 15;27(4):928-932 - PubMed
  110. Blood. 2014 Jun 5;123(23):3574-7 - PubMed
  111. Oncogene. 1998 Mar;16(11):1409-16 - PubMed
  112. J Cancer. 2018 Mar 15;9(7):1259-1266 - PubMed
  113. Leukemia. 2019 Apr;33(4):893-904 - PubMed
  114. Genes Cancer. 2011 Mar;2(3):232-60 - PubMed
  115. Cell. 1994 Apr 22;77(2):307-16 - PubMed
  116. Genes Dev. 2010 Jun 1;24(11):1093-105 - PubMed
  117. Mod Pathol. 2007 Sep;20(9):921-8 - PubMed
  118. Oncologist. 2020 Nov;25(11):e1720-e1724 - PubMed
  119. Nat Rev Cancer. 2008 Jul;8(7):523-34 - PubMed
  120. Ann Lab Med. 2016 Mar;36(2):85-100 - PubMed
  121. FEBS J. 2010 Apr;277(8):1832-42 - PubMed
  122. Oncologist. 2017 Feb;22(2):158-164 - PubMed
  123. PLoS One. 2011 Jan 06;6(1):e15640 - PubMed
  124. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Jan;109:20-34 - PubMed
  125. Genome Res. 2006 Jan;16(1):37-44 - PubMed
  126. Ann Hematol. 2021 May;100(5):1329-1331 - PubMed
  127. Am J Hum Genet. 2000 Jul;67(1):47-58 - PubMed
  128. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2021 Apr 1;479(4):838-852 - PubMed
  129. J Biol Chem. 1996 Sep 20;271(38):22945-8 - PubMed
  130. Genome Res. 2006 Jan;16(1):30-6 - PubMed
  131. Oncol Res. 2019 Aug 8;27(8):901-910 - PubMed
  132. Mol Cell Biol. 1997 May;17(5):2735-44 - PubMed
  133. Oncotarget. 2016 May 31;7(22):33229-36 - PubMed
  134. Haematologica. 2013 Nov;98(11):e146-8 - PubMed
  135. Oncol Rep. 2014 Jul;32(1):40-4 - PubMed
  136. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020 Jan;67(1):e28028 - PubMed
  137. J Cell Physiol. 2008 Feb;214(2):322-33 - PubMed
  138. Science. 1990 Dec 7;250(4986):1426-9 - PubMed
  139. Blood. 2010 Jul 1;115(26):5393-7 - PubMed
  140. Nat Genet. 2017 Aug;49(8):1211-1218 - PubMed
  141. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 09;8(9):e73865 - PubMed
  142. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 28;284(35):23177-81 - PubMed
  143. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 27;9(1):e87170 - PubMed
  144. Oncogene. 2012 Mar 22;31(12):1571-81 - PubMed
  145. Oncotarget. 2015 Jan 20;6(2):755-70 - PubMed
  146. Blood. 2009 Sep 24;114(13):2688-98 - PubMed
  147. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 1992 Oct;5(3):227-34 - PubMed
  148. Clin Adv Hematol Oncol. 2015 Jul;13(7):416-7 - PubMed
  149. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Nov 3;112(44):E5916-25 - PubMed
  150. Cancer Discov. 2015 Oct;5(10):1049-57 - PubMed
  151. Protein Sci. 2020 Feb;29(2):378-390 - PubMed
  152. Nature. 1998 Nov 12;396(6707):177-80 - PubMed
  153. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013 Apr;37(4):554-62 - PubMed
  154. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2007 Sep;46(9):861-3 - PubMed
  155. Onco Targets Ther. 2020 Nov 10;13:11499-11504 - PubMed
  156. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2018 Dec;57(12):611-621 - PubMed
  157. Gastroenterology. 2015 Apr;148(4):806-18.e10 - PubMed
  158. Oncogene. 1999 May 13;18(19):3039-46 - PubMed
  159. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 23;20(21): - PubMed
  160. Genes Dev. 2001 Nov 15;15(22):2917-21 - PubMed
  161. Lab Invest. 1997 Jul;77(1):85-92 - PubMed
  162. Oncogene Res. 1987 Jul;1(2):169-78 - PubMed
  163. Blood. 2012 Dec 20;120(26):5134-42 - PubMed
  164. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008 Apr;32(4):642-4; author reply 644 - PubMed
  165. Clin Genet. 1976 Jun;9(6):593-602 - PubMed
  166. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Oct 15;18(20):3795-804 - PubMed
  167. Hum Pathol. 2016 Dec;58:35-40 - PubMed
  168. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2021 Jan;43(1):e105-e108 - PubMed
  169. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2014 May;53(5):411-21 - PubMed
  170. Cancer Invest. 2019;37(1):46-65 - PubMed
  171. Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Jun 1;14(11):3380-5 - PubMed
  172. BMC Cancer. 2018 Aug 22;18(1):842 - PubMed
  173. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Sep;84(17):6131-5 - PubMed
  174. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2003 Aug;35(8):1272-83 - PubMed
  175. Cancer Discov. 2016 Jan;6(1):36-44 - PubMed
  176. BMC Pulm Med. 2018 Jan 23;18(1):13 - PubMed
  177. Oncologist. 2017 Dec;22(12):1478-1490 - PubMed
  178. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2012;355:83-98 - PubMed
  179. Science. 1989 Feb 10;243(4892):800-4 - PubMed
  180. Cancer Discov. 2012 Jun;2(6):495-502 - PubMed
  181. Front Immunol. 2020 Jul 21;11:1557 - PubMed
  182. Mol Cell. 2007 Aug 3;27(3):380-92 - PubMed
  183. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1987 Aug;78(8):772-5 - PubMed
  184. Oncogene. 2016 Jan 28;35(4):403-14 - PubMed
  185. Mod Pathol. 2019 Mar;32(3):423-434 - PubMed
  186. Nature. 2009 Mar 5;458(7234):97-101 - PubMed
  187. N Engl J Med. 2018 Feb 22;378(8):731-739 - PubMed
  188. Cancers (Basel). 2020 Jul 07;12(7): - PubMed
  189. J Hematol Oncol. 2015 Feb 27;8:17 - PubMed
  190. Leukemia. 2012 Oct;26(10):2245-53 - PubMed
  191. Biomark Insights. 2015 Aug 05;10(Suppl 3):1-14 - PubMed
  192. Wiley Interdiscip Rev RNA. 2016 Nov;7(6):811-823 - PubMed
  193. Nat Genet. 1997 Feb;15(2):170-4 - PubMed
  194. FEBS J. 2017 May;284(10):1421-1436 - PubMed
  195. Nat Genet. 2009 Nov;41(11):1243-6 - PubMed
  196. Cancer Res. 2006 Nov 15;66(22):10658-63 - PubMed
  197. Hum Mol Genet. 2015 Jan 1;24(1):50-63 - PubMed
  198. J Hematol Oncol. 2015 Jun 11;8:66 - PubMed
  199. Adv Immunol. 2009;101:1-25 - PubMed
  200. Database (Oxford). 2014 Feb 25;2014:bau007 - PubMed
  201. Biotechnol Lett. 2013 Sep;35(9):1377-85 - PubMed
  202. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1995 Sep;83(2):148-54 - PubMed
  203. Am J Surg Pathol. 2016 Oct;40(10):1407-16 - PubMed
  204. Cancer Res. 2007 Aug 1;67(15):7275-83 - PubMed
  205. Int J Oncol. 2007 Apr;30(4):765-74 - PubMed
  206. Precis Cancer Med. 2020 Jun;3: - PubMed
  207. PLoS One. 2017 Jul 25;12(7):e0181091 - PubMed
  208. Science. 2014 Feb 28;343(6174):1010-4 - PubMed
  209. J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 24;285(52):40690-8 - PubMed
  210. J Clin Oncol. 2013 Sep 1;31(25):e413-6 - PubMed
  211. Neoplasia. 2006 Jun;8(6):465-9 - PubMed
  212. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Sep;6(9):3109-16 - PubMed
  213. Cancer Res. 2000 Jan 1;60(1):106-13 - PubMed
  214. Acta Neuropathol. 2017 Oct;134(4):667-669 - PubMed
  215. Exp Hematol. 2017 Mar;47:31-35 - PubMed
  216. FEBS J. 2019 Aug;286(15):2937-2949 - PubMed
  217. J Cell Sci. 2012 Mar 1;125(Pt 5):1353-62 - PubMed
  218. Br J Haematol. 2011 Jan;152(2):141-54 - PubMed
  219. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2015 Jan;141(1):185-7 - PubMed
  220. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther. 2020 Dec 1;: - PubMed
  221. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan;18(1):35-55 - PubMed
  222. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 21;273(34):21783-9 - PubMed
  223. Pediatr Int. 2014 Oct;56(5):e55-7 - PubMed
  224. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;10(8):4016-26 - PubMed
  225. FEBS Lett. 2019 Jul;593(13):1654-1674 - PubMed
  226. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 2001;93(1-2):23-5 - PubMed
  227. Neuro Oncol. 2015 Oct;17(10):1365-73 - PubMed
  228. Blood. 2017 Jun 22;129(25):3352-3361 - PubMed
  229. Semin Cancer Biol. 1993 Dec;4(6):333-40 - PubMed
  230. Onco Targets Ther. 2020 Aug 03;13:7665-7681 - PubMed
  231. Cancer Genet. 2020 Jun;244:55-59 - PubMed
  232. Nat Immunol. 2000 Jul;1(1):59-64 - PubMed
  233. Science. 1994 Apr 15;264(5157):436-40 - PubMed
  234. Leuk Lymphoma. 2020 Feb;61(2):469-472 - PubMed
  235. Blood. 2016 May 19;127(20):2391-405 - PubMed
  236. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Jan 23;21(3): - PubMed
  237. Cells. 2020 Nov 27;9(12): - PubMed
  238. Biochem J. 2009 Mar 15;418(3):529-40 - PubMed
  239. Nat Commun. 2014 Sep 10;5:4846 - PubMed
  240. Int J Cancer. 2004 Sep 10;111(4):501-7 - PubMed
  241. Genomics. 1997 May 1;41(3):493-7 - PubMed
  242. Clin Cancer Res. 2012 Dec 15;18(24):6599-608 - PubMed
  243. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2003 May;37(1):58-71 - PubMed
  244. Cancer Treat Rev. 2018 Feb;63:61-70 - PubMed
  245. Nat Rev Urol. 2020 Nov;17(11):613-625 - PubMed
  246. J Hematol Oncol. 2009 Jan 23;2:3 - PubMed
  247. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010 Sep;201(2):73-80 - PubMed
  248. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;14(2):1256-65 - PubMed
  249. Leukemia. 2006 Feb;20(2):218-23 - PubMed
  250. Gene. 2016 Feb 15;577(2):101-8 - PubMed
  251. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Dec 12;114(50):13076-13084 - PubMed
  252. Leukemia. 2018 Feb;32(2):273-284 - PubMed
  253. Clin Neuropathol. 2020 Nov/Dec;39(6):263-270 - PubMed
  254. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Aug;1773(8):1196-212 - PubMed
  255. Elife. 2019 Nov 22;8: - PubMed
  256. Mod Pathol. 2020 Apr;33(4):648-656 - PubMed
  257. N Engl J Med. 1976 Nov 11;295(20):1120-3 - PubMed
  258. Blood Adv. 2020 Feb 11;4(3):440-443 - PubMed
  259. Oncogene. 2018 Jun;37(24):3183-3199 - PubMed
  260. J Thorac Oncol. 2019 Jun;14(6):e115-e117 - PubMed
  261. JCO Precis Oncol. 2019 Jul 11;3: - PubMed
  262. Science. 1983 Feb 25;219(4587):973-5 - PubMed
  263. Leuk Lymphoma. 2009 Aug;50(8):1318-25 - PubMed
  264. Blood. 1993 Apr 15;81(8):2110-7 - PubMed
  265. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(17):6568-72 - PubMed
  266. Gastroenterology. 2020 Feb;158(3):573-582.e2 - PubMed
  267. Med Pediatr Oncol. 1976;2(4):379-85 - PubMed
  268. Cancer Res. 2000 Sep 1;60(17):4869-72 - PubMed
  269. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2003 Jun;37(2):214-9 - PubMed
  270. J Thorac Oncol. 2019 Apr;14(4):e72-e73 - PubMed
  271. Mod Pathol. 2007 Apr;20(4):467-73 - PubMed
  272. Am J Surg Pathol. 2018 Jun;42(6):791-798 - PubMed
  273. Cancer Cell Int. 2018 Nov 12;18:177 - PubMed
  274. Diagn Mol Pathol. 1995 Sep;4(3):162-73 - PubMed
  275. Jpn J Cancer Res. 2002 Feb;93(2):167-77 - PubMed
  276. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jul 12;277(28):25026-31 - PubMed
  277. EBioMedicine. 2016 Jun;8:173-183 - PubMed
  278. Brain Pathol. 2015 Mar;25(2):182-92 - PubMed
  279. Lung Cancer. 2018 Feb;116:15-24 - PubMed
  280. Gastroenterology. 2017 Dec;153(6):1662-1673.e10 - PubMed
  281. Int J Oncol. 2004 May;24(5):1339-44 - PubMed
  282. Oncotarget. 2016 Feb 16;7(7):8399-412 - PubMed
  283. EMBO J. 2004 Feb 11;23(3):616-26 - PubMed
  284. J Pathol. 2016 Apr;238(5):700-10 - PubMed
  285. Haematologica. 2007 Feb;92(2):232-5 - PubMed
  286. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2005 Jan 15;156(2):183-4 - PubMed
  287. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):4917-21 - PubMed
  288. Blood. 2008 May 1;111(9):4668-80 - PubMed
  289. Medicine (Baltimore). 2020 Jun 26;99(26):e20725 - PubMed
  290. J Endocrinol. 2016 Feb;228(2):R45-56 - PubMed
  291. J Biol Chem. 1998 Sep 4;273(36):23026-32 - PubMed
  292. Cancer Genet. 2020 Aug;246-247:41-43 - PubMed
  293. PLoS One. 2018 Jul 5;13(7):e0200215 - PubMed
  294. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):9270-4 - PubMed
  295. Oncogene. 1992 Aug;7(8):1657-60 - PubMed
  296. J Biol Chem. 1996 Nov 22;271(47):29659-65 - PubMed
  297. PLoS Genet. 2013 Apr;9(4):e1003464 - PubMed
  298. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2014 Jul;53(7):606-11 - PubMed
  299. Drugs. 2019 Aug;79(12):1277-1286 - PubMed
  300. Clin Sarcoma Res. 2020 Aug 6;10:14 - PubMed
  301. Cancer Genet. 2014 Apr;207(4):111-23 - PubMed
  302. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Aug;12(8):3346-55 - PubMed
  303. Nat Genet. 2016 Mar;48(3):273-82 - PubMed
  304. Clin Lung Cancer. 2020 Mar;21(2):e78-e83 - PubMed
  305. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 3;275(9):6381-7 - PubMed
  306. Nature. 1994 Apr 21;368(6473):753-6 - PubMed
  307. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Jun;87(12):4799-803 - PubMed
  308. Science. 2005 Oct 28;310(5748):644-8 - PubMed
  309. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Jul 5;260(2):459-65 - PubMed
  310. Mol Endocrinol. 2013 Dec;27(12):2028-40 - PubMed
  311. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 18;9(8):e104567 - PubMed
  312. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jan 11;102(2):449-54 - PubMed
  313. Nature. 2019 Mar;567(7747):244-248 - PubMed
  314. Genes (Basel). 2018 Jan 16;9(1): - PubMed
  315. PLoS One. 2013;8(2):e56010 - PubMed
  316. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2006 Jul;45(7):717-9 - PubMed
  317. Eur Respir J. 2017 Apr 12;49(4): - PubMed
  318. EMBO J. 1996 Oct 1;15(19):5160-6 - PubMed
  319. Prostate. 2009 Jul 1;69(10):1091-100 - PubMed
  320. Oncogene. 1988 Nov;3(5):497-500 - PubMed
  321. J Med Genet. 2004 Oct;41(10):736-42 - PubMed
  322. Blood. 1998 Sep 15;92(6):2118-22 - PubMed
  323. EMBO J. 1990 Oct;9(10):3343-51 - PubMed
  324. Cell. 2004 Jan 23;116(2):235-46 - PubMed
  325. Haematologica. 2015 Jan;100(1):e10-3 - PubMed
  326. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013 Oct;1834(10):2176-86 - PubMed
  327. Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 25;10(1):4343 - PubMed
  328. Cancer Genet. 2016 Jan-Feb;209(1-2):21-9 - PubMed
  329. Blood. 1998 May 1;91(9):3127-33 - PubMed
  330. Int J Cancer. 2021 Apr 1;148(7):1778-1788 - PubMed
  331. Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Apr;7(4):233-45 - PubMed
  332. Nat Rev Cancer. 2017 Nov;17(11):676-691 - PubMed
  333. Int J Oncol. 2008 May;32(5):1041-7 - PubMed
  334. Cells. 2019 Jan 21;8(1): - PubMed
  335. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2015 Nov 12;108(1): - PubMed
  336. OMICS. 2014 Oct;18(10):615-24 - PubMed
  337. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Feb 29;97(5):2145-50 - PubMed
  338. Oncogene. 2000 Nov 20;19(49):5548-57 - PubMed
  339. Neoplasia. 2006 Oct;8(10):826-32 - PubMed
  340. FASEB J. 1988 Dec;2(15):3054-60 - PubMed
  341. Clin Lung Cancer. 2019 Sep;20(5):e548-e551 - PubMed
  342. Blood. 2016 May 5;127(18):2214-8 - PubMed
  343. Genomics. 1997 Aug 1;43(3):349-58 - PubMed
  344. Oncogene. 1990 Dec;5(12):1775-80 - PubMed
  345. Curr Oncol Rep. 2019 Feb 4;21(2):14 - PubMed
  346. J Pathol. 2010 Jan;220(2):244-54 - PubMed
  347. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2012 Feb;51(2):127-39 - PubMed
  348. Leukemia. 2016 Jun;30(6):1402-5 - PubMed
  349. Cancer Discov. 2012 Jul;2(7):582-5 - PubMed
  350. Am J Hum Genet. 2016 May 5;98(5):843-856 - PubMed
  351. Cancer Metastasis Rev. 2001;20(3-4):173-93 - PubMed
  352. Stem Cells. 2008 Jan;26(1):173-81 - PubMed
  353. Mod Pathol. 2015 Jun;28(6):822-9 - PubMed
  354. Cancer Res. 1998 May 15;58(10):2182-9 - PubMed
  355. Cancer Res. 2016 Apr 1;76(7):1869-81 - PubMed
  356. N Engl J Med. 2014 Sep 11;371(11):1005-15 - PubMed
  357. J Bone Oncol. 2015 Jan 23;4(1):1-12 - PubMed
  358. DNA Repair (Amst). 2006 Sep 8;5(9-10):1273-81 - PubMed
  359. Leukemia. 2017 Jul;31(7):1491-1501 - PubMed
  360. Leukemia. 2013 Nov;27(11):2165-76 - PubMed
  361. Am J Surg Pathol. 2019 Mar;43(3):382-388 - PubMed
  362. Oncogene. 1999 Oct 14;18(42):5821-30 - PubMed

MeSH terms

Publication Types