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Sci Total Environ. 2022 Feb 01;806:151355. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151355. Epub 2021 Nov 02.

COVID-19 lockdown shows how much natural mountain regions are affected by heavy tourism.

The Science of the total environment

Anna M Lenart-Boroń, Piotr M Boroń, Justyna A Prajsnar, Maciej W Guzik, Mirosław S Żelazny, Marta D Pufelska, Maria J Chmiel

Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Adam Mickiewicz Ave. 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Kraków, 29 Listopada Ave. 46, 31-425 Kraków, Poland.
  3. Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek Str. 8, 30-239, Kraków, Poland.
  4. Department of Hydrology, Institute of Geography and Spatial Management, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa Str. 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
  5. Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Adam Mickiewicz Ave. 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland.

PMID: 34740648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151355

Abstract

Mountain areas in Poland are among the most frequented tourist destinations and such intensive tourism negatively affects the natural environment. The COVID-19 pandemic and the resulting lockdown restricted travel for a few months in 2020, providing a unique opportunity to observe the studied mountain environment without the impact of typical tourist traffic. This study is based on the determination of antibiotic content, hydrochemical parameters, enumeration of culturable bacterial water quality indicators, antimicrobial susceptibility tests together with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) gene detection in waterborne E. coli and NGS-based bacterial community composition at six sites along the Białka river valley (one of the most popular touristic regions in Poland) in three periods: in summer and winter tourist seasons and during the COVID-19 lockdown. The results of individual measurements showed decreased numbers of bacterial indicators of water contamination (e.g. numbers of E. coli dropped from 99 × 10

Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keywords: COVID-19; Next generation sequencing; Principal component analysis; Surface water; Water quality

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no competing interests.

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