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Mak WA, Koeleman JGM, van der Vliet M, et al. SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: a prospective cohort study. J Infect. 2021;doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003.
Mak, W. A., Koeleman, J. G. M., van der Vliet, M., Keuren, F., & Ong, D. S. Y. (2021). SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: a prospective cohort study. The Journal of infection, . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003
Mak, Willem A, et al. "SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: a prospective cohort study." The Journal of infection vol. (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003
Mak WA, Koeleman JGM, van der Vliet M, Keuren F, Ong DSY. SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: a prospective cohort study. J Infect. 2021 Dec 09; doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 09. PMID: 34896516; PMCID: PMC8656179.
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J Infect. 2021 Dec 09; doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 09.

SARS-CoV-2 antibody and T cell responses one year after COVID-19 and the booster effect of vaccination: a prospective cohort study.

The Journal of infection

Willem A Mak, Johannes G M Koeleman, Marijke van der Vliet, Frans Keuren, David S Y Ong

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Kleiweg 500, 3045, PM, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
  2. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Kleiweg 500, 3045, PM, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Universiteitsweg 100, 3584, GC, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 34896516 PMCID: PMC8656179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.003

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: First, to describe SARS-CoV-2 T cell and antibody responses in a prospective cohort of healthcare workers that suffered from mild to moderate COVID-19 approximately one year ago. Second, to assess COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune responses in these prior-infected individuals.

METHODS: SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell and anti-SARS-CoV-2-Spike-RBD immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses in blood were determined before COVID-19 vaccination with mRNA-1273, BNT162b2, Ad26.CoV2-S or ChAdOx1-S, two weeks after first vaccination, and after second vaccination.

RESULTS: 55 prior SARS-CoV-2 infected and seroconverted individuals were included. S1-specific T cell responses and anti-RBD IgG were detectable one year post SARS-CoV-2 infection: 24 spot-forming cells per 10

CONCLUSIONS: Both T cell and IgG responses against SARS-CoV-2 persist for up to one year after COVID-19. A second COVID-19 vaccination in prior-infected individuals did not further increase immune responses in comparison to one vaccination.

Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; T cell; antibody; immunity; vaccination

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interests The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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