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Tanabe H, Mutai H, Sasayama D, et al. Sex differences in serum levels of 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, and androstenediol in the young adults: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry study. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0261440doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261440.
Tanabe, H., Mutai, H., Sasayama, D., Sasamoto, H., Miyashiro, Y., Sugiyama, N., & Washizuka, S. (2021). Sex differences in serum levels of 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, and androstenediol in the young adults: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry study. PloS one, 16(12), e0261440. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261440
Tanabe, Haruka, et al. "Sex differences in serum levels of 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, and androstenediol in the young adults: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry study." PloS one vol. 16,12 (2021): e0261440. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261440
Tanabe H, Mutai H, Sasayama D, Sasamoto H, Miyashiro Y, Sugiyama N, Washizuka S. Sex differences in serum levels of 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, and androstenediol in the young adults: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry study. PLoS One. 2021 Dec 15;16(12):e0261440. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261440. eCollection 2021. PMID: 34910781; PMCID: PMC8673626.
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PLoS One. 2021 Dec 15;16(12):e0261440. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261440. eCollection 2021.

Sex differences in serum levels of 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol, and androstenediol in the young adults: A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry study.

PloS one

Haruka Tanabe, Hitoshi Mutai, Daimei Sasayama, Hidehiko Sasamoto, Yoshimichi Miyashiro, Nobuhiro Sugiyama, Shinsuke Washizuka

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
  2. Department of Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
  3. Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
  4. Mental Health Clinic for Children, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
  5. Child and Adolescent Developmental Psychiatry, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.
  6. ASUKA Pharma Medical Co., Ltd. Shonan Health Innovation Park, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
  7. Department of Applied Occupational Therapy, Shinshu University School of Health Sciences, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan.

PMID: 34910781 PMCID: PMC8673626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261440

Abstract

Animal experiments have consistently shown that estrogen receptor β (ERβ)-selective ligands have antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. In humans, endogenous ligands for ERβ include 5α-androstane-3β, 17β-diol (3βAdiol) and androstenediol (Δ5-diol). We determined, for the first time, the exact serum levels of 3βAdiol and Δ5-diol in young healthy volunteers using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We investigated the effect of the menstrual cycle on the levels of these steroids in women; then, we performed a gender comparison. Blood samples were collected from 48 subjects: 23 women (mean age = 28.4±7.8 years) and 25 men (mean age = 31.4±7.8 years). We collected the blood samples of women at three time-points in the menstrual cycle: the early follicular phase, ovulatory or mid-cycle phase, and mid-luteal phase. A total of 92 blood samples were analyzed using LC-MS/MS. The levels of two well-studied steroids, namely dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and 17β-estradiol (E2), were simultaneously measured. Depression rating scale (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Beck Depression Inventory-II and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology) scores were also recorded at the time of blood sampling. Significant differences in the levels of 3βAdiol and E2 and in the depression rating scale scores were observed over the duration of the menstrual cycle of the women. The levels of 3βAdiol and Δ5-diol were significantly lower in women than in men. E2 levels were higher in women than in men, and DHEA levels did not differ significantly between men and women. Further, women had higher scores than men on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Sex differences in depressive symptoms can be explained by 3βAdiol and Δ5-diol levels, and the effect of the menstrual cycle on mood can be explained by 3βAdiol and E2 levels, not by Δ5-diol level.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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