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Yang Y, Zeng Y, Yuan S, et al. Prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia: a population-based cross-sectional study from Hunan, China. BMJ Open. 2021;11(12):e048575doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575.
Yang, Y., Zeng, Y., Yuan, S., Xie, M., Dong, Y., Li, J., He, Q., Ye, X., Lv, Y., Hocher, C. F., Kraemer, B. K., Hong, X., & Hocher, B. (2021). Prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia: a population-based cross-sectional study from Hunan, China. BMJ open, 11(12), e048575. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575
Yang, Yide, et al. "Prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia: a population-based cross-sectional study from Hunan, China." BMJ open vol. 11,12 (2021): e048575. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575
Yang Y, Zeng Y, Yuan S, Xie M, Dong Y, Li J, He Q, Ye X, Lv Y, Hocher CF, Kraemer BK, Hong X, Hocher B. Prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia: a population-based cross-sectional study from Hunan, China. BMJ Open. 2021 Dec 06;11(12):e048575. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575. PMID: 34872994; PMCID: PMC8650492.
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BMJ Open. 2021 Dec 06;11(12):e048575. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575.

Prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia: a population-based cross-sectional study from Hunan, China.

BMJ open

Yide Yang, Yuan Zeng, Shuqian Yuan, Ming Xie, Yanhui Dong, Jian Li, Quanyuan He, Xiangli Ye, Yuan Lv, Carl-Friedrich Hocher, Bernhard K Kraemer, Xiuqin Hong, Berthold Hocher

Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
  2. Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, Beijing, China.
  3. Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
  4. Fifth Department of Medicine (Nephrology/Endocrinology/Rheumatology), University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
  5. Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China [email protected] [email protected].
  6. Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China [email protected] [email protected].
  7. Reproductive and Genetic Hospital of CITIC-Xiangya, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
  8. Institute of Medical Diagnostics, IMD Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

PMID: 34872994 PMCID: PMC8650492 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048575

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia, especially modifiable lifestyle factors, such as smoking behaviour and dietary factors.

DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study.

SETTING: Hunan Province, China PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4012 participants completed the study, between July 2013 and March 2014. The median age is 55 (interquartile range: 45-63) years, with 1644 males (41%) and 2368 females (59%).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Homocysteine level were measured by the microplate enzyme immunoassay method. Hyperthomocysteinemia was defined as ≥15 µmol/L. Questionnaire was used to investigate potential risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia. Crude odd ratio (OR) or adjusted OR with 95% CI were determined by using univariable or multivariable logistic regression models.

RESULTS: The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia is 35.4% (45.4% vs 28.5% for men, women, respectively). One-year increase in age is significantly associated with 2% higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.03). One unit increase of BMI is associated with 5% higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.07). Compared with the non-smoker, smoking participants have a 24% higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.006 to 1.53), while the risk for those quitting smoking are not significantly different (OR=1.14, 95% CI: 0.85 to 1.54). compared with those consuming fruit and vegetable at least once every day, those consuming less than once every day had a significantly higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (OR=1.29, 95% CI:1.11 to 1.50). In addition, we found there were significant sex interaction with education level or alcohol drinking on the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia (p

CONCLUSIONS: Higher BMI and older age are potential risk factors for hyperhomocysteinemia. Current smoking but not quitting smoking is associated with higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia. Fruit and vegetable consumption may have protective effect against hyperhomocysteinemia. Alcohol consumption or education level might interact to influence the risk of hyperhomocysteinemia.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Keywords: adult cardiology; epidemiology; risk management

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

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