Display options
Cite
Sanders LM, Zhu Y, Wilcox ML, et al. Whole grain intake, compared to refined grain, improves postprandial glycemia and insulinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021;1-19doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838.
Sanders, L. M., Zhu, Y., Wilcox, M. L., Koecher, K., & Maki, K. C. (2021). Whole grain intake, compared to refined grain, improves postprandial glycemia and insulinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838
Sanders, Lisa M, et al. "Whole grain intake, compared to refined grain, improves postprandial glycemia and insulinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." Critical reviews in food science and nutrition vol. (2021): 1-19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838
Sanders LM, Zhu Y, Wilcox ML, Koecher K, Maki KC. Whole grain intake, compared to refined grain, improves postprandial glycemia and insulinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Dec 20;1-19. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838. Epub 2021 Dec 20. PMID: 34930065.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2021 Dec 20;1-19. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

Whole grain intake, compared to refined grain, improves postprandial glycemia and insulinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Critical reviews in food science and nutrition

Lisa M Sanders, Yong Zhu, Meredith L Wilcox, Katie Koecher, Kevin C Maki

Affiliations

  1. Midwest Biomedical Research, Addison, IL, USA.
  2. Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
  3. Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.

PMID: 34930065 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2017838

Abstract

Whole grain (WG) intake has been associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and may protect against T2D by lowering postprandial glycemia and insulinemia and improving insulin sensitivity. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of WG intake, compared to refined grain (RG) intake, on postprandial glycemia and insulinemia and markers of glycemic control and insulin resistance in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults. A search of PubMed and Scopus yielded 80 relevant RCTs. Compared to RG, WG intake significantly reduced postprandial glycemia (SMD: -0.30; 95% CI: -0.43, -0.18; P < 0.001), insulinemia (SMD: -0.23; 95% CI: -0.35, -0.10; P < 0.001) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (SMD: -0.21; 95% CI: -0.37, -0.06; P = 0.007). There was no effect of WG on fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). These results suggest WG foods improve short-term glycemia and insulinemia, which may improve HbA1c, a marker of long-term glycemic control. This may partially explain the inverse association between WG intake and risk of T2D, but further investigations are needed to understand if short-term reductions in glycemia translate to longer term benefits in reducing the risk of T2D.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO Registration CRD42020180069.

Keywords: Glucose; insulin; meta-analysis; randomized controlled trials; whole grain

Publication Types