Matern Child Nutr. 2022 Jan;18(1):e13240. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13240. Epub 2021 Jul 13.

Prevalence and temporal trends in prepregnancy nutritional status and gestational weight gain of adult women followed in the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System from 2008 to 2018.

Maternal & child nutrition

Thaís Rangel Bousquet Carrilho, Kathleen M Rasmussen, Jennifer A Hutcheon, Ronaldo Fernandes Santos Alves, Dayana Rodrigues Farias, Nathalia Cristina Freitas-Costa, Mylena Maciel Gonzalez, Mônica Araújo Batalha, Gilberto Kac

PMID: 34258876 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13240

Abstract

Prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) are the most investigated indicators of maternal nutritional status, which is a modifiable factor that plays a vital role in maternal and infant health. This study describes prepregnancy BMI and GWG of 840,243 women with 2,087,765 weight observations in the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System from 2008 to 2018. Prepregnancy BMI was classified according to the World Health Organization cut-offs. Total GWG was calculated from weight measurements taken after 36 weeks of pregnancy and classified according to the Institute of Medicine guidelines. Temporal trends in prepregnancy BMI status were examined, and maps were used to evaluate changes in excessive GWG in each Brazilian federation unit. On overall, prepregnancy overweight and obesity increased from 22.6% to 28.8% and from 9.8% to 19.8%, respectively, between 2008 and 2018. The prevalence of excessive GWG rose from 34.2% to 38.7% during the same period and in 11 of the 27 Brazilian federation units between 2008 and 2016. Women with underweight showed the highest values for mean total GWG for all the compared years (overall variation from 12.3 to 13.1 kg), followed by those with normal weight (11.9 to 12.5 kg), overweight (10.1 to 10.9 kg) and obesity (from 8.2 to 8.9 kg). Within each BMI group, values remained fairly stable throughout the studied period for first- and second-trimester GWG and total GWG. These results help to fill a significant gap in understanding the distribution of prepregnancy BMI and GWG in Brazilian women.

© 2021 The Authors. Maternal & Child Nutrition published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords: anthropometry; body mass index; gestational weight gain; maternal health; pregnancy; public health surveillance; weight gain

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Publication Types

• Journal Article

Grant support

• OPP 1202165/Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
• 408678/2017-8/Ministério da Saúde and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
• 443770/2018-2/Ministério da Saúde and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico