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Baltazar J, Rodrigues Pais Alves MF, Martins MA, et al. Flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics obtained by direct write assembly as function of residual connected-porosity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021;126:105035doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035.
Baltazar, J., Rodrigues Pais Alves, M. F., Martins, M. A., Torres, P. M. C., Santos, C., & Olhero, S. (2021). Flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics obtained by direct write assembly as function of residual connected-porosity. Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, 126105035. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035
Baltazar, Joana, et al. "Flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics obtained by direct write assembly as function of residual connected-porosity." Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials vol. 126 (2021): 105035. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035
Baltazar J, Rodrigues Pais Alves MF, Martins MA, Torres PMC, Santos C, Olhero S. Flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics obtained by direct write assembly as function of residual connected-porosity. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021 Dec 09;126:105035. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035. Epub 2021 Dec 09. PMID: 34906864.
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J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2021 Dec 09;126:105035. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035. Epub 2021 Dec 09.

Flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics obtained by direct write assembly as function of residual connected-porosity.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials

Joana Baltazar, Manuel Fellipe Rodrigues Pais Alves, Manuel A Martins, Paula M C Torres, Claudinei Santos, Susana Olhero

Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Mechanical Engineering, TEMA- Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Portugal.
  2. Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
  3. Materials and Processes Laboratory, Faculty of Technology, Rio de Janeiro State University, FAT-LMP/UERJ, Resende, RJ, Brazil. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 34906864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.105035

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: The present work reports the effect of the extrusion nozzles' size and consequent residual porosity on the flexural strength of 3Y-TZP bioceramics fabricated by direct write assembly technology.

METHODS: A printable ink containing a volume fraction of 45% of 3Y-TZP (ZrO

RESULTS: The sintered samples exhibited relative densities in the range of 78% (nozzle Ø 0.41 = mm) and 82% (nozzle Ø 0.25 = mm), i.e., a slight increase in the residual interfilamentous porosity is observed, as the extrusion tip diameter increases, while linear shrinkage is statistically similar (≈25%). Likewise, a progressive reduction of flexural strength and Weibull modulus as nozzle diameter increases was noticeable, being respectively σ

CONCLUSION: X-ray diffraction analyses on the fracture surface of flexural test samples suggests that the toughening mechanism by tetragonal→ monoclinic phase transformation is the main responsible for the mechanical strength of this structural ceramic. Additionally, the reduction of flexural strength for samples printed with extrusion nozzle of 0.41 mm could be explained by the surface roughness of the bending surfaces, as well as the lower effective resistance to crack-propagation arising from the higher size of residual pores on the fracture surface.

Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Keywords: 3Y-TZP bioceramics; Flexural strength; Porosity; Robocasting; Toughening mechanisms

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