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Nutrients. 2021 Nov 29;13(12). doi: 10.3390/nu13124318.

Examining the Interaction of the Gut Microbiome with Host Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Health in Metabolic Syndrome.

Nutrients

Serena Galié, Christopher Papandreou, Pierre Arcelin, David Garcia, Antoni Palau-Galindo, Laia Gutiérrez-Tordera, Àlex Folch, Mònica Bulló

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University RoviraiVirgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain.
  2. Institute of Health Pere Virgili-IISPV, University Hospital Sant Joan, 43202 Reus, Spain.
  3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
  4. Atención Basica de Salut (ABS) Reus V. Centre d'Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, SAGESSA, 43204 Reus, Spain.
  5. ABS Alt Camp Oest, Centre d'Atenció Primària, 43460 Alcover, Spain.

PMID: 34959869 PMCID: PMC8706982 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124318

Abstract

(1) Background: The microbiota-host cross-talk has been previously investigated, while its role in health is not yet clear. This study aimed to unravel the network of microbial-host interactions and correlate it with cardiometabolic risk factors. (2) Methods: A total of 47 adults with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome from the METADIET study were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Microbiota composition (151 genera) was assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing, fecal (m = 203) and plasma (m = 373) metabolites were profiled. An unsupervised sparse generalized canonical correlation analysis was used to construct a network of microbiota-metabolite interactions. A multi-omics score was derived for each cluster of the network and associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. (3) Results: Five multi-omics clusters were identified. Thirty-one fecal metabolites formed these clusters and were correlated with plasma sphingomyelins, lysophospholipids and medium to long-chain acylcarnitines. Seven genera from Ruminococcaceae and a member from the Desulfovibrionaceae family were correlated with fecal and plasma metabolites. Positive correlations were found between the multi-omics scores from two clusters with cholesterol and triglycerides levels. (4) Conclusions: We identified a correlated network between specific microbial genera and fecal/plasma metabolites in an adult population with metabolic syndrome, suggesting an interplay between gut microbiota and host lipid metabolism on cardiometabolic health.

Keywords: cardiovascular risk; cross-talk; gut microbiota; metabolic syndrome; metabolism; metabolites; metabolomics; microbial metabolites; obesity; omics

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