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Phonera MC, Simuunza MC, Kainga H, et al. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle of Smallholder Farmers in Central Malawi. Pathogens. 2021;10(12)doi: 10.3390/pathogens10121613.
Phonera, M. C., Simuunza, M. C., Kainga, H., Ndebe, J., Chembensofu, M., Chatanga, E., Kanyanda, S., Changula, K., Muleya, W., Mubemba, B., Chitanga, S., Kajihara, M., Sawa, H., Njunga, G., Takada, A., & Simulundu, E. (2021). Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle of Smallholder Farmers in Central Malawi. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 10(12), . https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121613
Phonera, Marvin Collen, et al. "Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle of Smallholder Farmers in Central Malawi." Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 10,12 (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121613
Phonera MC, Simuunza MC, Kainga H, Ndebe J, Chembensofu M, Chatanga E, Kanyanda S, Changula K, Muleya W, Mubemba B, Chitanga S, Kajihara M, Sawa H, Njunga G, Takada A, Simulundu E. Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle of Smallholder Farmers in Central Malawi. Pathogens. 2021 Dec 10;10(12). doi: 10.3390/pathogens10121613. PMID: 34959568.
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Pathogens. 2021 Dec 10;10(12). doi: 10.3390/pathogens10121613.

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle of Smallholder Farmers in Central Malawi.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)

Marvin Collen Phonera, Martin Chitolongo Simuunza, Henson Kainga, Joseph Ndebe, Mwelwa Chembensofu, Elisha Chatanga, Setiala Kanyanda, Katendi Changula, Walter Muleya, Benjamin Mubemba, Simbarashe Chitanga, Masahiro Kajihara, Hirofumi Sawa, Gilson Njunga, Ayato Takada, Edgar Simulundu

Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Health and Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lilongwe 207203, Malawi.
  2. Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  3. Africa Center of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  4. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Lilongwe 207203, Malawi.
  5. Department of Para-Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  6. Laboratory of Parasitology, Graduate School of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido 060-8588, Japan.
  7. International Training and Education Center for Health, Lilongwe 207203, Malawi.
  8. Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  9. Department of Wildlife Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Copperbelt University, Kitwe 50100, Zambia.
  10. Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Copperbelt University, Ndola 50100, Zambia.
  11. Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek 10005, Namibia.
  12. Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia.
  13. School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture, Engineering and Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
  14. Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
  15. Division of Molecular Pathobiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
  16. Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
  17. Global Virus Network, Baltimore, ML 21201, USA.
  18. International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
  19. One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan.
  20. Macha Research Trust, Choma 20100, Zambia.

PMID: 34959568 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10121613

Abstract

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is endemic in Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe where it circulates among animals and ticks causing sporadic outbreaks in humans. Although CCHF is endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, epidemiological information is lacking in many countries, including Malawi. To assess the risk of CCHF in Malawi, we conducted an epidemiological study in cattle reared by smallholder livestock farmers in central Malawi. A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 involving seven districts, four from Kasungu and three from Lilongwe Agriculture Development Divisions. A structured questionnaire was administered to farmers to obtain demographic, animal management, and ecological risk factors data. Sera were collected from randomly selected cattle and screened for CCHF virus (CCHFV) specific antibodies using a commercial ELISA kit. Ticks were collected from cattle and classified morphologically to species level. An overall CCHFV seropositivity rate of 46.9% (

Keywords: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus; Malawi; cattle; seroprevalence

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