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Rao S, Esvaran M, Chen L, et al. Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pediatr Res. 2022;doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x.
Rao, S., Esvaran, M., Chen, L., Keil, A. D., Gollow, I., Simmer, K., Wemheuer, B., Conway, P., & Patole, S. (2022). Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pediatric research, . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x
Rao, Shripada, et al. "Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trial." Pediatric research vol. (2022). doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x
Rao S, Esvaran M, Chen L, Keil AD, Gollow I, Simmer K, Wemheuer B, Conway P, Patole S. Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trial. Pediatr Res. 2022 Jan 03; doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x. Epub 2022 Jan 03. PMID: 34980887.
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Pediatr Res. 2022 Jan 03; doi: 10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x. Epub 2022 Jan 03.

Probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a pilot randomised controlled trial.

Pediatric research

Shripada Rao, Meera Esvaran, Liwei Chen, Anthony D Keil, Ian Gollow, Karen Simmer, Bernd Wemheuer, Patricia Conway, Sanjay Patole

Affiliations

  1. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia. [email protected].
  2. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA, Australia. [email protected].
  3. School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia. [email protected].
  4. Centre for Marine Science and Innovation at the University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia.
  5. School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
  6. Department of Microbiology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia.
  7. Department of Paediatric Surgery, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
  8. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
  9. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women, Perth, WA, Australia.
  10. School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
  11. Department of Genomic and Applied Microbiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

PMID: 34980887 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01884-x

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether probiotic supplementation attenuates gut-dysbiosis in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions (CGISC).

METHODS: Sixty-one neonates (≥35 weeks gestation) with CGISC were randomised to receive daily supplementation with a triple-strain bifidobacterial probiotic (n = 30) or placebo (n = 31) until discharge. Stool microbiota was analysed using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing on samples collected before (T1), 1 week (T2), and 2 weeks (T3) after supplementation and before discharge (T4). The primary outcome was the sum of the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic families of Clostridiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, Pseudomonaceae, Staphylococcaeae, Streptococcaceae, and Yersiniaceae at T3.

RESULTS: The median gestational age [38 weeks (IQR: 37.1-38.9)] was similar in both groups. The probiotic group had lower rates of caesarean deliveries (40% versus 70%, p = 0.02). The relative abundance of potentially pathogenic families was lower in the probiotic group compared to placebo at T3 [(median: 50.4 (IQR: 26.6-67.6) versus 67.1 (IQR: 50.9-96.2); p = 0.04). Relative abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae was higher in the probiotic group at T3 [(median: 39.8 (IQR: 24.9-52.1) versus 0.03 (IQR 0.02-2.1); p < 0.001). Stratified analysis continued to show a higher abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae in the probiotic group, irrespective of the mode of delivery.

CONCLUSIONS: Probiotic supplementation attenuated gut dysbiosis in neonates with CGISC.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.anzctr.org.au (ACTRN12617001401347).

IMPACT: Probiotic supplementation attenuates gut dysbiosis and improves stool short-chain fatty acid levels in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal surgical conditions. This is the second pilot RCT of probiotic supplementation in neonates with congenital gastrointestinal conditions. These findings will pave the way for conducting multicentre RCTs in this area.

© 2021. Crown.

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