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Klin Padiatr. 2022 Jan 03; doi: 10.1055/a-1697-5624. Epub 2022 Jan 03.

Interventional Bronchus Occlusion Using Amplatzer Devices - A Promising Treatment Option for Children with Persistent Air Leak.

Klinische Padiatrie

Katharina Schütz, Christoph M Happel, Oliver Keil, Jens Dingemann, Julia Carlens, Martin Wetzke, Carsten Müller, Harald Köditz, Matthias Griese, Karl Reiter, Andrea Schweiger-Kabesch, Alexander Backendorf, AnnaZychlinsky Scharff, Harald Bertram, Nicolaus Schwerk

Affiliations

  1. Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Deutschland.
  2. Excellence Cluster RESIST - Resolving Infection Susceptibility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Deutschland.
  3. Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care, Hanover Medical Specialists, Hanover, Deutschland.
  4. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Deutschland.
  5. Department of Paediatric Surgery, Hannover Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Deutschland.
  6. Department of Paediatric Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hannover Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Deutschland.
  7. Department of Paediatric Pneumology, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, German Center for Lung Research, University of Munich, Munich, Deutschland.
  8. Department of Paediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at the Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Deutschland.
  9. Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, Vestische Childrenhospital Datteln, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Deutschland.
  10. Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Hannover Medical School Centre for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hannover, Deutschland.
  11. BREATH (Biomedical Research in End-stage and obstructive Lung Disease Hannover), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Deutschland.

PMID: 34979579 DOI: 10.1055/a-1697-5624

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Persistent air leak (PAL) is a severe complication of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP). Surgical interventions are usually successful when medical treatment fails, but can be associated with significant complications and loss of potentially recoverable lung parenchyma.

METHODS: Retrospective analysis of efficacy and safety of interventional bronchus occlusions (IBO) using Amplatzer devices (ADs) in children with PAL secondary to SSP.

RESULTS: Six patients (four males, 4-15 years of age) underwent IBO using ADs as treatment for PAL. Necrotizing pneumonia (NP) was the most common cause (n=4) of PAL. Three patients were previously healthy and three suffered from chronic lung disease. All patients required at least two chest tubes prior to the intervention for a duration of 15-43 days and all required oxygen or higher level of ventilatory support. In three cases, previous surgical interventions had been performed without success. All children improved after endobronchial intervention and we observed no associated complications. All chest tubes were removed within 5-25 days post IBO. In patients with PAL related to NP (n=4), occluders were removed bronchoscopically without re-occurrence of pneumothorax after a mean of 70 days (IQR: 46.5-94).

CONCLUSION: IBO using ADs is a safe and valuable treatment option in children with PAL independent of disease severity and underlying cause. A major advantage of this procedure is its less invasiveness compared to surgery and the parenchyma- preserving approach.

Thieme. All rights reserved.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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