JACC CardioOncol. 2021 Oct 19;3(4):488-505. doi: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.06.006. eCollection 2021 Oct.
ATTR Amyloidosis: Current and Emerging Management Strategies: .
JACC. CardioOncology
Jan M Griffin, Julie L Rosenthal, Justin L Grodin, Mathew S Maurer, Martha Grogan, Richard K Cheng
Affiliations
Affiliations
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
- Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
- Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
PMID: 34729521
PMCID: PMC8543085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccao.2021.06.006
Abstract
Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) is increasingly diagnosed owing to the emergence of noninvasive imaging and improved awareness. Clinical penetrance of pathogenic alleles is not complete and therefore there is a large cohort of asymptomatic transthyretin variant carriers. Screening strategies, monitoring, and treatment of subclinical ATTR-CA requires further study. Perhaps the most important translational triumph has been the development of effective therapies that have emerged from a biological understanding of ATTR-CA pathophysiology. These include recently proven strategies of transthyretin protein stabilization and silencing of transthyretin production. Data on neurohormonal blockade in ATTR-CA are limited, with the primary focus of medical therapy on judicious fluid management. Atrial fibrillation is common and requires anticoagulation owing to the propensity for thrombus formation. Although conduction disease and ventricular arrhythmias frequently occur, little is known regarding optimal management. Finally, aortic stenosis and ATTR-CA frequently coexist, and transcatheter valve replacement is the preferred treatment approach.
© 2021 The Authors.
Keywords: 6MWT, 6-minute walk test; AF, atrial fibrillation; AL, light chain amyloid; AS, aortic stenosis; ASO, antisense oligonucleotide; ATTR-CA, transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis; ATTRv, variant transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis; ATTRwt, wild-type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis; CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance; DCCV, direct current cardioversion; HF, heart failure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide; SAP, serum amyloid P component; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement; amyloidosis; cardiomyopathy; heart failure; siRNA, small interfering RNA
Conflict of interest statement
Dr Grodin has received personal fees from Pfizer, Alnylam, and Eidos; and has received grant support from the Texas Health Resources Clinical Scholarship and Eidos. Dr Maurer has received grant suppor
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