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Pathol Res Pract. 2021 Dec 30;230:153757. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153757. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

piRNA: A promising biomarker in early detection of gastrointestinal cancer.

Pathology, research and practice

Melika Ameli Mojarad, Mandana Ameli Mojarad, Bahador Shojaee, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini-Mojarad

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology Faculty of Basics Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Department of Biology Faculty of Basics Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].
  3. Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].
  4. Gastroenterology and Liver Disease Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 34998210 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153757

Abstract

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancer has become the primary concern of today's society due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), a subgroup of non-coding RNAs, are mainly expressed in the germline and have emerged as a critical regulator in gene expression and the epigenetic silencing of DNA transposable elements by interacting with PIWI proteins. piRNAs' dysregulations were reported to promote or suppress the initiation and development of different malignancies, especially gastrointestinal cancers. Recently, several studies suggested the use of piRNAs as potential cancer biomarkers associated with the progression and chemoresistance of GI cancer. Hence, this review article aims to focus on the role of piRNAs in GI cancer progression, metastasis, and their molecular mechanisms as therapeutic markers for GI cancer patients.

Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier GmbH.

Keywords: Biomarker; GI cancer; Non-coding RNA; PIWI-interacting RNA

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